Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (5): 177-186.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220518
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Zhi Jin,Botao Li,Jiangping Yin,Qian Chen,Yuejin Fu*,Bin Lü
Received:
2021-06-10
Online:
2022-05-25
Published:
2022-08-19
Contact:
Yuejin Fu
CLC Number:
Zhi Jin,Botao Li,Jiangping Yin,Qian Chen,Yuejin Fu,Bin Lü. Research Progress for the Evaluation of Wood Pore Connectivity[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(5): 177-186.
Table 1
Pore structure of wood structural elements"
木材树种 Wood species | 构造单元 Structural elements | 孔径大小 Pore diameter | 孔隙形状 Pore shape | 孔隙尺度 Pore scale |
云杉 Spruce | 细胞壁孔隙(湿润) Cell wall pores (wetted) | 0.4~40 nm | 裂隙状 Slite-like | 微观-介观 Micro-meso |
— | 细胞壁孔隙(湿润) Cell wall pores (wetted) | 1~10 nm | 裂隙状 Slite-like | 微观-介观 Micro-meso |
— | 微纤丝间隙 Inter-microfibril spaces | 2~4.5 nm | 裂隙状 Slite-like | 介观 Meso |
针叶材Softwoods | 细胞壁孔隙(干燥) Cell wall pores (dried) | 2~100 nm | 裂隙状 Slite-like | 介观-宏观 Meso-macro |
环孔阔叶材 Ring porous hardwoods | 细胞壁孔隙(干燥) Cell wall pores (dried) | 2~100 nm | 圆柱状 Cylindric | 介观-宏观 Meso-macro |
散孔阔叶材 Diffuse porous hardwoods | 细胞壁孔隙(干燥) Cell wall pores (dried) | 2~100 nm | 裂隙状、圆柱状 Slite-like and cylindric | 介观-宏观 Meso-macro |
针叶材 Softwoods | 具缘纹孔膜 Pit membranes of bordered pits | 10 nm~8 μm | 多边形间隙 Polygonous spaces | 介观-宏观 Meso-macro |
针叶材 Softwoods | 具缘纹孔口 Pit apertures of bordered pits | 400 nm~6 μm | 管状 Tubular | 宏观 Macro |
阔叶材Hardwoods | 木纤维胞腔 Lumens of fibers | 1~30 μm | 管状 Tubular | 宏观 Macro |
针叶材 Softwoods | 具缘纹室口 Pit chamber apertures of bordered pits | 4~30 μm | 墨水瓶状 Ink bottle-like | 宏观 Macro |
阔叶材Hardwoods | 互列纹孔 Alternate pitting | 5~170 μm | 圆柱状、多边形间隙 Cylindric, polygonous spaces | 宏观 Macro |
针叶材Softwoods | 管胞胞腔 Lumens of tracheid | 10~50 μm | 管状 Tubular | 宏观 Macro |
环孔阔叶材 Ring porous hardwoods | 导管胞腔 Lumens of Vessels | 20~400 μm | 管状 Tubular | 宏观 Macro |
针叶材 Softwoods | 树脂道 Resin canals | 30~300 μm | 管状 Tubular | 宏观 Macro |
散孔阔叶材 Diffuse porous hardwoods | 导管胞腔 Lumens of vessels | 40~250 μm | 管状 Tubular | 宏观 Macro |
Table 2
Technical characteristics of wood pore connectivity evaluation methods"
类别Categories | 方法Methods | 原理Theories | 优点Advantages | 缺点Disadvantages |
吸附分析法 Adsorption analysis | 氮气吸附法 Nitrogen adsorption method | 通过吸附滞后回环孔结构信息提取,基于渗流理论,建立孔隙中渗流态吸附氮形成概率与渗流概率之间的函数关系量化孔隙连通性The pore connectivity is quantified by extracting the pore structure information from the adsorption hysteresis loop and establishing the functional relationship between the bond occupation probability and the percolation probability based on the percolation theory | 1) 可实现定量分析 It can be used for quantitative analysis 2) 样品可回收 The sample is recyclable | 1) 孔结构假设对准确性影响大 The pore structure hypothesis has a great influence on accuracy 2) 孔径分析范围有局限性The pore size range analysed is limited 3) 仅体现样品平均信息,无法反映孔隙构象的复杂性The result is the average information of the sample,but it can not reflect the complexity of pore conformation 4) 耗时长It costs long time for testing. |
压汞法 Mercury intrusion method | 采用微型滞后回环法建立残余汞体积、孔径分布、进汞体积等参数与孔隙连通性的量化关系Mini-hysteresis loops are used to establish the quantitative relationship among residual mercury volume, pore size distribution, injected mercury volume and pore connectivity | 1) 可实现定量分析 It can be used for quantitative analysis 2) 耗时短It costs short time for testing | 1) 孔结构假设对准确性影响大 The pore structure hypothesis has a great influence on accuracy 2) 不适用于微孔分析It is not suitable for micropore analysis 3) 仅体现样品的平均信息,无法反映孔隙构象的复杂性The result is the average information of the sample,but it can not reflect the complexity of pore conformation 4) 样品不可回收The sample is unrecyclable 5) 汞具有毒性The mercury is toxic. | |
核磁共振法 Nuclear magnetic resonance method | 通过比较T2分布曲线形态或冻融状态下不同孔径中吸附质自扩散现象差异推断孔隙内部连通情况The internal connectivity of the pores can be deduced by comparing the differences of T2 distribution curves or the self-diffusions of adsorbents in different pore sizes under freeze-thaw conditions | 1) 孔径分析范围广 The pore size range analysed is wide 2) 耗时短It costs short time for testing 3) 样品可回收 The sample is recyclable | 仅限于定性分析Only for qualitative analysis. | |
CT三维成像法 CT three-dimensional imaging | 利用穿透射线对木材进行断层扫描,经计算机层析技术获取木材三维孔隙网络的断层图像 The wood is scanned by penetrating ray and the image of the three dimensional pore network is obtained by computer tomography | 1) 可实现孔隙网络空间可视化It can realize the visualization of pore network 2) 耗时短It costs short time for testing 3) 样品可回收The sample is recyclable | 1) 图像分辨率受视野大小制约 The image resolution is limited by vision field 2) 数据分析方法不成熟 Data analysis methods are not mature. |
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