Abstract:

Objective: Forest tourism is an important means to guide the growth of characteristic industries in key state-owned forest areas, taking into account the dual goals of environmental protection and economic growth. Analyze the dynamic game process, equilibrium state, optimal strategy selection and development mode of stakeholders; explore the cooperation mechanism to promote the development of forest tourism, and provide theoretical support for the overall protection of key state-owned forest areas and the development of characteristic industries that can carry resources and environment. Method: The present study employs evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation to analyze the strategic choices and sensitivity changes of local governments, cultural tourism enterprises, and forest industry groups. Furthermore, it explores a cooperative mechanism aimed at fostering common development among these three entities. Result: 1) The achievement of equilibrium in the development of forest tourism is intricately connected to external funding support, dynamic subsidies, compensation fees for forest resources, and the costs and benefits of the three primary stakeholders. 2) The dynamic subsidies provided by local governments play a crucial role in promoting active collaboration among the three parties and safeguarding development. The amount of subsidy should be carefully adjusted to avoid reducing its incentive effect and increasing the fiscal burden on local authorities. Due to their profit-oriented nature, tourism enterprises are especially responsive to changes in costs, benefits, and fees for using forest resources. Additionally, differences in costs have a significant impact on the strategic decisions made by forestry groups. 3) Establish an externally driven mechanism, financially supported by the central government and guided by social capital, to achieve comprehensive management and alleviate pressure on existing entities. Complement this with an internally coordinated mechanism that includes a fair forest resource compensation system and a dynamic award and subsidy system for local governments, aiming to enhance cooperation fairness, positivity, and promote sustainable development of forest tourism. Conclusion: 1) As policymakers for forest tourism development, local governments prioritize the overall benefits of industrial development; tourism enterprises, as market entities, exhibit high sensitivity to their own costs and benefits; and forestry groups, as operators of forest resources, prioritize long-term resource protection and sustainable development. 2) To promote the development of forest tourism to achieve the advantage synergy mode, it is necessary to ensure that local governments are in a state of abundant funds, cultural tourism enterprises are in a state of optimized cooperation gain, and forest industry groups are in a state of net income gain of service optimization. 3) The establishment of an integrated collaborative mechanism, which combines external drive and internal coordination, can effectively mitigate conflicts of interest among stakeholders in forest tourism development and ultimately foster cooperation among them.

Key words: key state-owned forest areas, forest tourism, evolutionary game, collaboration mechanism