欧美杨单株液流昼夜组成及其影响因素分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200302

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the characteristics of water use of trees and the response mechanisms to environment through measuring the characteristics of diurnal and nocturnal sap flow of Populus×euramericana cv. '74/76',quantifying the contribution rate of nocturnal sap flow to the daily sap flow,and investigating the response difference of diurnal and nocturnal sap flow to tree dimensions and environmental factors. Method: In this study,P.×euramericana cv.'74/76' was used as the research object,which is a common afforestation tree species in northern China,The experiment was conducted in the Binhe forest park of Shunyi new city,Beijing. Thermal dissipation (thermal dissipation probe,TDP) technique was used to continuously monitor the sap flow of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76',sunny day data were selected and calculated based on measuremnts of the individual plant of small,medium and large diameter of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76',and simultaneously the data of environmental factors were collected. Result: 1) The sap flow velocity of the small,medium and large diameter of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76' all showed a single peak curve with the diurnal sap flow high and nocturnal sap flow low. The first half of the nocturnal sap flow was more active than the second half. 2) During the period from July to October,the daily sap flow over all diameter classes ranged from 39.04 to 94.96 g·cm^-2d^-1,and the nocturnal sap flow was between 3.34-10.49 g·cm^-2d^-1. The contribution rate of nocturnal sap flow to the daily sap flow of all diameter classes was between 4.2% and 16.2%. There was significant difference between the daily sap flow and the diurnal sap flow (difference between the daily sap flow and the nocturnal sap flow from) (P < 0.01). 3) The responses of diurnal and nocturnal sap flow to tree dimention were consistent,and the canopy size was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with diurnal and nocturnal sap flow in P.×euramericana cv.'74/76',and the interpretation of diurnal and nocturnal sap flow was 80% and 77%,respectively. Tree height and diameter at breast height had no significant effect on diurnal and nocturnal sap flow (P>0.05). 4) On the daily scale,vapor pressure deficit (VPD),global radiation (R_a),air temperature (T) and wind speed (W_s) were the main environmental factors affecting the sap flow of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76'. There were differences in the environmental influence factors influencing diurnal and nocturnal sap flow velocity. VPD,R_a,T and W_s were the main environmental factors affecting diurnal sap flow velocity,while nocturnal sap flow velocity was mainly affected by VPD and W_s. The effect of W_s on diurnal and nocturnal sap flow velocity was two fold,which was characterized by promoting diurnal sap flow velocity and inhibiting nocturnal sap flow velocity. Diurnal sap flow was extremely significantly positive correlated nocturnal sap flow (P < 0.01). The diurnal sap flow of the small,medium and large diameters explained 37%,48% and 47% of the nocturnal sap flow,respectively. Conclusion: There is obvious nocturnal sap flow in P.×euramericana cv.'74/76'. When estimating the water consumption of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76',if the nocturnal sap flow is neglected,the daily water demand of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76' will be underestimated. There is difference in the response of P.×euramericana cv.'74/76' sap flow velocity to environmental factors during the day and night,when estimating and simulating tree transpiration,we should consider the effects of diurnal and noctural environmental factors on sap flow velocity separately.

Key words: Populus×euramericana cv. '74/76', diurnal and nocturnal sap flow, tree factors, environmental response, contribution rate of nighttime sap flow to whole day sap flow

CLC Number:

S718.43

Zhe Kong,Shengnan Chen,Jiang Lü,Lixin Chen,Zhiqiang Zhang. Characteristics of Populus euramericana Sap Flow Over Day and Night and Its Influencing Factors[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(3): 8-20.

Figures/Tables 9

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径阶 Diameter class	样树编号 Number	胸径 DBH/cm	树高 Tree height/m	冠幅 Canopy diameter/m		树冠投影面积 Crown projected area/m²	边材面积 Sapwood area/cm²
径阶 Diameter class	样树编号 Number	胸径 DBH/cm	树高 Tree height/m	东西 East-west	南北 North-south	树冠投影面积 Crown projected area/m²	边材面积 Sapwood area/cm²
小径阶Small (22~26 cm)	1	22.3	22.3	5.3	5.2	21.65	170.06
	2	23.1	17.3	5.7	5.1	22.90	181.33
	3	24.2	22.7	5.4	3.5	15.55	197.36
	4	24.5	20.9	4.5	4.2	14.86	201.84
中径阶Medium (26~30 cm)	5	27.2	20.8	6.5	4.3	22.90	244.16
中径阶Medium (26~30 cm)	6	28.3	20.1	6.3	6.2	30.68	262.44
大径阶Large (30~34 cm)	7	32.8	21.5	6.3	6.1	30.19	343.33
大径阶Large (30~34 cm)	8	35.0	21.5	6.5	4.5	23.76	386.41
平均值Average	—	27.2	20.9	5.8	4.9	22.81	248.37

径阶 Diameter class	相关系数R² Correlation coefficient		配对样本T检验 Paired samples t-test
径阶 Diameter class	相关系数	P	T	P
小径阶 Small class	0.998	0.000	20.775	0.000
中径阶 Medium class	0.985	0.000	23.923	0.000
大径阶 Large class	0.998	0.000	27.288	0.000

径阶 Diameter class	R_a	VPD		T		W_s		SWC
径阶 Diameter class	昼 Diurnal	昼 Diurnal	夜 Nocturnal	昼 Diurnal	夜 Nocturnal	昼 Diurnal	夜 Nocturnal	昼 Diurnal	夜 Nocturnal
小径阶Small class	0.334^**	0.470^**	0.825^**	0.605^**	-0.007	0.195^**	-0.100^**	-0.255^**	-0.048
中径阶Medium class	0.261^**	0.496^**	0.742^**	0.308^**	-0.005	0.113^**	-0.076^**	-0.129^**	-0.063^*
大径阶Large class	0.237^**	0.572^**	0.738^**	0.512^**	0.089^**	0.142^**	-0.103^**	-0.033	-0.035

Characteristics of Populus euramericana Sap Flow Over Day and Night and Its Influencing Factors

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