山核桃根系分泌物对溶磷菌生长及活化土壤磷的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230426

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究山核桃根系分泌物对外源溶磷菌生长和活化土壤磷能力的影响，进一步阐明微生物和植物的相互作用，也为缓解山核桃林地磷限制提供科学依据和技术支撑。方法: 利用液体摇瓶和土壤培养的方式，以2株具有有机磷活化能力的菌株[产酶溶杆菌（CQ18）和多黏类芽孢杆菌（QP22）]为试验材料，研究山核桃根系分泌物对其生长繁殖和活化磷的影响。结果: 液体培养时，添加山核桃根系分泌物对菌株CQ18生长无显著影响，但促进菌株QP22繁殖。接种后，有机磷液体培养液（以卵磷脂为唯一磷源）的酸、中、碱性磷酸酶活性显著增强；可溶性磷含量呈先增加后减少趋势，并均显著高于未接种处理。接种菌株CQ18的处理中，平均可溶性磷含量以低浓度山核桃根系分泌物处理最高（41.93 mg·L^?1），未添加山核桃根系分泌物处理最低（37.01 mg·L^?1）；接种菌株QP22处理中，中浓度山核桃根系分泌物处理最高（30.14 mg·L^?1），高浓度山核桃根系分泌物处理最低（18.09 mg·L^?1）。接种土壤中菌体数量和土壤有效磷含量及酸性磷酸酶活性呈先增后减趋势，并均高于未接种处理。培养结束时，与未添加山核桃根系分泌物处理相比，含有山核桃根系分泌物处理的供试菌株数量最多，酸性磷酸酶活性显著增强，但其处理间有效磷含量无显著差异。结论: 菌株CQ18和QP22通过分泌磷酸酶水解卵磷脂、活化土壤中难溶性磷，并且山核桃根系分泌物能促进其生长繁殖和矿化有机磷。因此，菌株CQ18和QP22在山核桃林地应用中具有巨大潜力。

关键词: 根系分泌物, 溶磷微生物, 有效磷, 磷酸酶

Abstract:

Objective: Studying the impact of root exudation of Carya cathayensis (REC) on the growth and phosphorus (P) activation ability of exogenous phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in C. cathayensis is beneficial for further understanding the interaction between microorganisms and plants, and provides effective ways and scientific basis for alleviating P limitation in C. cathayensis forests. Method: The liquid shake flask and soil culture experiments were conducted to study the effects of REC on the growth, reproduction, and P mobilization of two strains (Lysobacter enzymogenes CQ18 and Paenibacillus polymyxa QP22) that can mineralize organic P components. Result: The results showed that application of REC had no significant effect on the growth of strain CQ18 in liquid culture, but promoted the reproduction of strain QP22. After inoculation in the liquid culture medium with lecithin as the sole P source, the acid, neutral, and alkaline phosphatase activities significantly enhanced; the soluble P concentration showed a trend of increase followed by a decrease and was significantly higher than that of the uninoculated treatment. Among the treatments inoculated with strain CQ18, the average soluble P concentration of the treatment at low level of REC was the highest (41.93 mg·L^?1), while the treatment without REC was the lowest (37.01 mg·L^?1). Among the treatments inoculated with strain QP22, the average soluble P concentration of the treatment in middle level of REC was the highest (30.14 mg·L^?1), and the high concentration REC treatment was the lowest (18.09 mg·L^?1). The number of strains, soil available P content and acid phosphatase activity in the inoculated soil showed a trend of increase followed by a decrease, while were all higher than those in the non-inoculated soil. At harvest, the number of tested strains in soils and soil acid phosphatase activity of treatments containing REC were higher than those in the treatment without REC, but there was no significant difference in soil avaliable P content between them. Conclusion: Phosphatases could be of utmost importance in the mineralization of the organic P by strains of CQ18 and QP22, and REC could promote, their growth and P mobilization. Therefore, strains of CQ18 and QP22 are potential to be used as biofertilizer in Carya cathayensis forests.

Key words: root exudation of Carya cathayensis, phosphorus-mobilizing microbe, available phosphorus, phosphatase

中图分类号:

S714.8

郑梦杰,谢炜,马行聪,黄坚钦,彭丽媛,秦华. 山核桃根系分泌物对溶磷菌生长及活化土壤磷的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(6): 60-70.

Mengjie Zheng,Wei Xie,Xingcong Ma,Jianqin Huang,Liyuan Peng,Hua Qin. Effects of Root Exudation from Carya cathayensis on the Growth and Phosphorus Activation Ability of Phosphorus-Mobilization Bacteria[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(6): 60-70.

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