亚热带不同林龄马尾松林地上器官植硅体碳封存潜力

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201202

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 揭示我国亚热带不同林龄马尾松林地上器官的植硅体碳封存特征，计量我国马尾松林植硅体碳封存潜力，为马尾松林长期固碳减排研究提供依据。方法: 采集不同林龄马尾松的树枝、树叶、树干样品，用微波消解法提取植物中的植硅体，并测定植硅体碳含量。结果: 马尾松各地上器官的植硅体及植硅体碳含量排序一致，植硅体含量表现为树叶（1.829 g·kg^-1）>树枝（0.771 g·kg^-1）>树干（0.452 g·kg^-1），植硅体碳含量表现为树叶（0.357 g·kg^-1）>树枝（0.172 g·kg^-1）>树干（0.104 g·kg^-1）；树龄对马尾松树叶、树枝的植硅体和植硅体碳含量均有显著影响（P < 0.05），而对地上器官的植硅体封闭碳含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）；不同年龄马尾松树叶的植硅体含量表现为55 a（2.358 g·kg^-1）> 63 a（1.923 g·kg^-1）> 36 a（1.719 g·kg^-1）> 24 a（1.655 g·kg^-1）> 15 a（1.489 g·kg^-1）；马尾松树叶植硅体含量与土壤pH值和土壤有效硅含量显著负相关（P < 0.05）；地上各器官植硅体碳储量表现为树干>树枝>树叶，其中树干和树枝的植硅体碳储量分别占地上器官植硅体碳总储量的69.2%和20.7%；不同年龄马尾松林的地上器官总植硅体碳储量表现为55 a（15.97 kg·hm^-2）> 63 a（15.54 kg·hm^-2）> 36 a（10.63 kg·hm^-2）> 15 a（10.46 kg·hm^-2）> 24 a（10.13 kg·hm^-2）；不同年龄马尾松林地上器官总植硅体碳封存速率表现为15 a（10.94 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1）> 24 a（9.97 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1）> 36 a（7.20 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1）> 55 a（5.10 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1）> 63 a（4.76 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1）。结论: 马尾松植硅体含量和植硅体碳含量均存在林龄与器官的显著差异。若以我国现有的马尾松林面积1 200万hm²和平均植硅体碳封存速率7.58 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1计算，每年可封存91 000 t CO₂。

关键词: 马尾松, 地上器官, 植硅体碳, 植硅体碳封存潜力

Abstract:

Objective: This study reveals the phytolith and phytolith occuluded carbon (PhytOC) storage in the aboveground organ of Pinus massoniana plantations at different stand ages in subtropical China, and measures the PhytOC sequestration potential in P. massoniana plantations, and provides a scientific basis for long-term carbon sequestration research in P. massoniana plantations. Method: We used a chronosequence approach to examine the effect of stand age on the above-ground part of plant PhytOC storage by sampling 15, 24, 36, 55, and 63 a P. massoniana stands. Phytoliths were extracted by microwave digestion method, and the C concentration in phytoliths was determined. Result: The distribution of phytolith and PhytOC concentrations in above-ground biomass of P. massoniana varied among different organs of the pine trees (P < 0.05). Phytolith concentration decreased in the order of leaf (1.829 g·kg^-1) > branch (0.771 g·kg^-1) > trunk (0.452 g·kg^-1). PhytOC concentration decreased in the order of leaf (0.357 g·kg^-1) > branch (0.172 g·kg^-1) > trunk (0.104 g·kg^-1). Both phytolith and PhytOC concentrations in leaves and branches were affected by age (P < 0.05), while no differences were observed for C in per unit of phytolith in the above-ground biomass (P>0.05). Phytolith concentration in leaves differed with stand age in the order:55 a (2.358 g·kg^-1) > 63 a (1.923 g·kg^-1) > 36 a (1.719 g·kg^-1) > 24 a (1.655 g·kg^-1) > 15 a (1.489 g·kg^-1). Leaf phytolith concentrations were negatively correlated with concentrations of available silicon (R²=0.27, P < 0.05) and pH (R²=0.45, P < 0.05) in the 0-10 cm soil layer. PhytOC storage in branches and trunks accounted for 20.7% and 69.2% of the total storage, respectively. PhytOC storage in above-ground biomass was affected by age and decreased in the order of 55 a (15.97 kg·hm^-2) > 63 a (15.54 kg·hm^-2) > 36 a (10.63 kg·hm^-2) > 15 a (10.46 kg·hm^-2) > 24 a (10.13 kg·hm^-2). The annual PhytOC sequestration rate in the above-ground part of Masson pine stands was affected by age, decreasing in the order as follows:15 a (10.94 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1) > 24 a (9.97 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1) > 36 a (7.20 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1) > 55 a (5.10 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1) > 63 a (4.76 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1). Conclusion: Both plant organ and age significantly affected the phytolith and PhytOC concentrations (P < 0.05). Taking the area of 1.20×10⁷ hm² of P. massoniana stands in subtropical China and the mean PhytOC production flux of 7.58 kgCO₂·hm^-2a^-1, it was estimated approximately 91 000 t CO₂·a^-1 being sequestered in P. massoniana phytoliths.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, above-ground apart, PhytOC, PhytOC sequestration potential

中图分类号:

S153

孙凯,吴家森,盛卫星,姜培坤,张云晴,葛江飞. 亚热带不同林龄马尾松林地上器官植硅体碳封存潜力[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(12): 10-18.

Kai Sun,Jiasen Wu,Weixing Sheng,Peikun Jiang,Yunqing Zhang,Jiangfei Ge. Potential of Phytolith-Occluded Organic Carbon Sequestration in Masson Pine Stands at Different Ages in Subtropical China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(12): 10-18.

图/表 6

表1

图1

表2

图2

图3

图4

参考文献 0

	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008.
	Bao S D . Analytical method of soils and agricultural chemistry. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2008.
	邓伦秀, 李茂. 马尾松人工林研究现状及展望. 安徽农业科学, 2009, 37 (7): 2968- 2971. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2009.07.058
	Deng L X , Li M . The research present situation and prospects on the Pinus massoniana lamb. plantation. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science, 2009, 37 (7): 2968- 2971. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2009.07.058
	杜虎, 曾馥平, 王克林, 等. 中国南方3种主要人工林生物量和生产力的动态变化. 生态学报, 2014, 34 (10): 2712- 2724.
	Du H , Zeng F P , Wang K L , et al. Dynamics of biomass and productivity of three major plantation types in southern China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34 (10): 2712- 2724.
	龚容, 高琼. 叶片结构的水力学特性对植物生理功能影响的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39 (3): 300- 308.
	Gong Y , Gao Q . Research progress in the effects of leaf hydraulic characteristics on plant physiological functions. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39 (3): 300- 308.
	李海奎, 雷渊才. 中国森林植被生物量和碳储量评估. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2010.
	Li H K , Lei Y C . Forest vegetation biomass and carbon stock assessment in China. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2010.
	李自民, 宋照亮, 姜培坤. 稻田生态系统中植硅体的产生与积累-以嘉兴稻田为例. 生态学报, 2013, 33 (22): 7197- 7203.
	Li Z M , Song Z L , Jiang P K . The production and accumulation of phytoliths in rice ecosystems:a case study to Jiaxing paddy field. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33 (22): 7197- 7203.
	刘俊霞, 黄张婷, 姜培坤, 等. 母岩与竹龄对毛竹竹叶中硅和植硅体碳含量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28 (9): 2917- 2922.
	Liu J X , Huang Z T , Jiang P K , et al. Effects of parent rock and bamboo age on silicon and phytolith-occluded carbon in the leaves of moso bamboo. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28 (9): 2917- 2922.
	孙清芳, 贾立明, 刘玉龙, 等. 中国森林植被与土壤碳储量估算研究进展. 环境化学, 2016, 35 (8): 1741- 1744.
	Sun Q F , Jia L M , Liu Y L , et al. Research progress of forest vegetation and soil carbon storage in China. Environmental Chemistry, 2016, 35 (8): 1741- 1744.
	王永吉, 吕厚远. 植物硅酸体的研究及应用. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1993.
	Wang Y J , Lü H Y . Phytolith study and its application content. Beijing: Ocean Press, 1993.
	向万胜, 何电源, 廖先. 湖南省土壤中硅的形态与土壤性质的关系. 土壤, 1993, (3): 146- 151.
	Xiang W S , He D Y , Liao X . The relationship between silicon morphology and properties of soil in the soil of Hunan province. Soil, 1993, (3): 146- 151.
	徐慧芳, 宋同清, 黄国勤, 等. 广西不同林龄马尾松碳储量及分配格局. 农业现代化研究, 2016, 37 (1): 195- 203.
	Xu H F , Song T Q , Huang G Q , et al. Carbon storage and distribution in Pinus massoniana plantations at different stand ages in Guangxi Province. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2016, 37 (1): 195- 203.
	杨杰, 吴家森, 姜培坤, 等. 苦竹林植硅体碳与硅的研究. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31 (2): 299- 309.
	Yang J , Wu J S , Jiang P K , et al. Study on phytolith-occluded organic carbon and silicon in a Pleioblastus amarus forest. Journal of Natural Resources, 2016, 31 (2): 299- 309.
	应雨骐, 项婷婷, 李永夫, 等. 中国亚热带重要树种植硅体碳封存潜力估测. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30 (1): 133- 140.
	Ying Y Q , Xiang T T , Li Y F , et al. Estimation of sequestration potential via phytolith carbon by important forest species in subtropical China. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30 (1): 133- 140.
	左昕昕, 吕厚远. 我国旱作农业黍、粟植硅体碳封存潜力估算. 科学通报, 2011, 56 (34): 2881- 2887.
	Zuo X X , Lü H Y . Carbon sequestration within millet phytoliths from dry-farming of crops in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2011, 56 (34): 2881- 2887.
	Jones R L , Beavers A H . Aspects of catenary and depth distribution of opal phytoliths in Illinois soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1964, 28 (3): 413- 416. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1964.03615995002800030033x
	Pachauri P K , Jallow B . Climate change 2007:the physical science basis working group I contribution to the IPCC fourth assessment report. Nairobi:IPCC, 2007, 2007.
	Pan Y , Birdsey R A , Fang J , et al. A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests. Science, 2011, 333 (6045): 988- 993. doi: 10.1126/science.1201609
	Parr J F , Dolic V , Lancaster G , et al. A microwave digestion method for the extraction of phytoliths from her-barium specimens. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2001, 116 (3): 203- 212.
	Parr J F , Sullivan L . Soil carbon sequestration in phytolith. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37 (1): 117- 114. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.06.013
	Parr J F , Sullivan L . Phytolith occluded carbon and silica variability in wheat cultivars. Plant and Soil, 2011, 342 (1/2): 165- 171.
	Parr J , Sullivan L , Chen B , et al. Carbon bio-sequestration within the phytoliths of economic bamboo species. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16 (10): 2661- 2667. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02118.x
	Parr J F , Sullivan L , Quirk R . Sugarcane phytoliths:encapsulation and sequestration of a long-lived carbon fraction. Sugar Technology, 2009, 11 (1): 17- 21. doi: 10.1007/s12355-009-0003-y
	Song Z L , Liu H , Li B L , et al. The production of phytolith-occluded carbon in China's forests implications to biogeo-chemical carbon sequestration. Global Change Biology, 2013, 19 (9): 2907- 2915. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12275
	Song Z L , Liu H , Si Y , et al. The production of phytoliths in China's grasslands:implications to the biogeochemical sequestration of atmospheric CO₂. Global Change Biology, 2012b, 18 (12): 3647- 3653. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12017
	Song Z L , Wang H L , Strong P J , et al. Plant impact on the coupled terrestrial biogeochemical cycles of silicon and carbon:Implications for biogeochemical carbon sequestration. Earth Science Reviews, 2012a, 115 (4): 319- 331. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.09.006
	Twiss P C , Suess E , Smith R M . Morphological classification of grass phytoliths. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1969, 33 (1): 109- 115. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1969.03615995003300010030x
	Wilding L P . Radiocarbon dating of biogenetic opal. Science, 1967, 156 (3771): 66- 67. doi: 10.1126/science.156.3771.66
	Wilding L P , Brown R E , Holowaychuk N . Accessibility and properties of occluded carbon in biogenetic opal. Soil Science, 1967, 103 (1): 56- 61. doi: 10.1097/00010694-196701000-00009
	Yang J , Wu J S , Jiang P K , et al. A study of phytolith-occluded carbon stock in monopodial bamboo in China. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5 (13292): 1- 8.
	Yang X M , Song Z L , Liu H Y , et al. Phytolith accumulation in broadleaf and conifer forests of northern China:implications for phytolith carbon sequestration. Geoderma, 2017, 312 (2018): 36- 44.
	Zuo X X , Lu H Y , Gu Z Y . Distribution of soil phytolith-occluded carbon in the Chinese loess plateau and its implications for silicacarbon cycles. Plant Soil, 2014, 374 (1/2): 223- 232.

林龄 Stand age/ a	海拔 Altitude/ m	坡向 Slope aspect	坡度 Slope gradient/ (°)	郁闭度 Canopy density	密度 Density/ hm^-2	平均胸径 Mean DBH/ cm	平均高 Mean height/m
15	200	东 East	40	0.40	1 508	12.07	9.57
24	130	东北 Northeast	34	0.40	1 608	12.73	11.83
36	150	东南 Southeast	30	0.50	1 025	15.53	12.80
55	200	南 South	19	0.50	517	23.43	19.07
63	160	西 West	30	0.50	608	23.87	17.93

土层 Layer/cm	林龄 Stand age/a	密度 Density/ (g·cm^-3)	pH	有机质含量 Organic matter content/ (g·kg^-1)	有效硅含量 Available Si content/ (mg·kg^-1)
0~10	15	1.34±0.07	4.82±0.03	27.73±5.28	12.65±2.17
	24	1.27±0.20	4.52±0.03	20.03±1.29	9.33±1.38
	36	1.40±0.15	4.42±0.10	16.20±3.63	4.12±0.63
	55	1.43±0.03	4.20±0.12	17.77±6.46	5.12±1.83
	63	1.53±0.14	4.36±0.20	18.90±0.26	4.22±0.60
10~30	15	1.42±0.05	4.84±0.01	13.23±8.27	13.76±1.82
	24	1.36±0.17	4.54±0.11	12.20±1.80	12.00±1.37
	36	1.40±0.09	4.53±0.10	12.43±4.51	5.93±1.22
	55	1.53±0.13	4.33±0.21	10.30±2.60	6.33±2.71
	63	1.50±0.14	4.46±0.16	7.67±1.33	6.23±2.18

[1]	温小遂,宋墩福,杨忠岐,王忠辉,施明清. 天敌花绒寄甲与寄主松褐天牛成虫出现期的关系[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(9): 193-200.
[2]	王胤,姚瑞玲. 继代培养中马尾松生根能力及其与内源激素含量的相关分析[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(8): 38-46.
[3]	朱丽华,章欣月,夏馨蕊,万羽,代善俊,叶建仁. 无细菌松材线虫对马尾松的致病性[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(7): 63-69.
[4]	王晓荣,雷蕾,付甜,潘磊,曾立雄,肖文发. 抚育择伐对马尾松林凋落叶分解速率和养分释放的短期影响[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(4): 12-21.
[5]	朱沛煌,陈妤,朱灵芝,李荣,季孔庶. 马尾松转录组密码子使用偏好性及其影响因素[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(4): 74-81.
[6]	武星,胡兴峰,陈佩珍,孙晓波,吴帆,季孔庶. 马尾松PmPIN1基因的克隆及功能分析[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(3): 184-192.
[7]	闫小莉, 胡文佳, 马远帆, 霍昱帆, 王拓, 马祥庆. 异质性供氮环境下杉木、马尾松、木荷氮素吸收偏好及其根系觅氮策略[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(2): 1-11.
[8]	袁秀锦, 肖文发, 雷静品, 潘磊, 王晓荣, 崔鸿侠, 胡文杰. 三峡库区马尾松林穿透雨和树干茎流空间变异特征[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(1): 10-19.
[9]	叶钰倩, 赵家豪, 刘畅, 关庆伟. 间伐强度对马尾松人工林根际与非根际土壤中性糖特征的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(8): 28-35.
[10]	邓秀秀, 肖文发, 曾立雄, 雷蕾, 施征. 马尾松幼苗光合产物的运输与分配特征[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(7): 27-34.
[11]	金国庆, 张振, 余启新, 冯随起, 丰忠平, 赵世荣, 周志春. 马尾松2个世代种子园6年生家系生长的遗传变异与增益比较[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(7): 57-67.
[12]	李亚藏, 冯仲科. 气候敏感的马尾松生物量相容性方程系统研建[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(5): 65-73.
[13]	王好运, 吴峰, 朱小坤, 谢维斌. 叶型对马尾松幼苗生长及叶绿素荧光特征的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(3): 183-192.
[14]	陈金磊, 方晰, 辜翔, 李雷达, 刘兆丹, 王留芳, 张仕吉. 中亚热带2种森林群落组成、结构及区系特征[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(2): 159-172.
[15]	杜会聪,王瑶,方加兴,张珍荫,张苏芳,刘福,张真,孔祥波. 马尾松毛虫线粒体全基因组的测定与分析[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(12): 162-172.