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林业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (8): 39-47.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180805

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

蒿柳成花过程中内源激素和多胺含量变化特征

彭向永1,2, 程运河1, 李振坚1, 于永畅1, 邹竣竹1, 孙振元1   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 国家林业局林木培育重点实验室 北京 100091;
    2. 曲阜师范大学生命科学学院 曲阜 273165
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-18 修回日期:2017-07-29 出版日期:2018-08-25 发布日期:2018-08-18
  • 基金资助:
    林木遗传育种国家重点实验室专项(CAFBB2016ZX001-3);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201304115)。

Variations of Endogenous Hormones and Polymines during Flowering Process in Male and Female Salix viminalis

Peng Xiangyong1,2, Cheng Yunhe1, Li Zhenjian1, Yu Yongchang1, Zou Junzhu1, Sun Zhenyuan1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration Research Institute of Forestry CAF Beijing 100091;
    2. School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University Qufu 273165
  • Received:2017-05-18 Revised:2017-07-29 Online:2018-08-25 Published:2018-08-18

摘要: [目的]研究蒿柳从营养生长到生殖生长过程中内源激素和多胺对蒿柳成花的调控作用及其性别差异的影响,为解析雌雄异株植物花器官形成及性别决定机制,并为人工调控花器官形成及性别分化提供理论依据。[方法]将蒿柳1年生枝条生长过程划分为营养生长期(S1)、花芽生理分化期(S2)和花芽形态分化期(S3),分别以树龄15~20年的雌、雄蒿柳为材料,利用高效液相色谱-四级杆离子阱串联质谱法测定茎尖脱落酸(ABA)、玉米素(ZT)、生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、腐胺(Put)、精胺(Spm)和亚精胺(Spd)含量,分析不同生长阶段内源激素和多胺含量的变化及其与性别间差异的关系。[结果]从营养生长期到花芽生理分化期,雌、雄蒿柳的ABA、ZT、Put、Spm、Spd含量,ABA/GA3、ZT/GA3比值以及雌株中IAA/ZT比值均显著升高,IAA/ABA比值及雄株中GA3含量显著下降。从花芽生理分化期到形态分化期,雌蒿柳的ABA、ZT、IAA和GA3含量,雄株IAA/ZT、雌株ABA/GA3比值均显著下降,Put、Spm、Spd含量,雄株的ZT/GA3、雌株的IAA/ABA均显著上升。S1期的IAA、Spd含量及IAA/ABA比值,S2期的ABA、ZT、IAA、Spd含量,S3期的IAA/ABA、IAA/ZT比值均表现为雌蒿柳显著高于雄蒿柳;而S2期的IAA/ABA比值,S3期的ABA含量及ABA/GA3、ZT/GA3比值则表现为雌株显著高于雄株。[结论]高水平的ABA、ZT、IAA、多胺含量及ABA/GA3、ZT/GA3比值启动雌、雄蒿柳花芽生理分化,高水平的多胺含量、ZT/GA3、IAA/ABA比值有利于雌、雄蒿柳花芽的形态分化;蒿柳成花过程中,虽然雌、雄植株内源激素和多胺的变化趋势几乎一致,但生理分化期的ABA、ZT、IAA、Spd含量及IAA/ABA比值均具有显著的性别差异,可能与雌、雄蒿柳的性别分化相关。

关键词: 蒿柳, 成花, 内源激素, 多胺, 性别差异

Abstract: [Objective] In order to analyze the mechanism of flower organ formation and sex determination in dioecious plants, and provide theoretical support for the artificial regulation of flower organ formation and sex differentiation, the endogenous hormones and polyamines contents during the transition process from vegetative to reproductive growth were studied, and their regulation on flower bud differentiation and gender difference in male and female Salix. viminalis were investigated.[Method]The growth process of annual shoots of S. viminalis was divided into three stages:vegetative growth stage, flower bud physiological differentiation stage and flower bud morphological differentiation stage. In this paper, the 15-20-year-old female and male S. viminalis trees were used, and the contents of ABA, ZT, IAA, GA3, Put, Spm and Spd in the annual shoot tips were determined using HPLC-MS/MS Q-TRAP at different growth stages, and relationship between changes of the endogenous hormones and polyamines with gender differences were analyzed. [Result] In the process from the vegetative growth stage to the flower bud physiological differentiation stage, the contents of ABA, ZT, Put, Spm and Spd and ABA/GA3 and ZT/GA3 ratios in male and female S. viminalis, and the IAA/ZT ratio in the females significantly increased; the IAA/ABA ratio in male and female S. viminalis and the GA3 content in males significantly decreased. The contents of Put, Spm and Spd in male and female S. viminalis, ZT/GA3 ratio in males and IAA/ABA ratio in females significantly increased from the flower bud physiological differentiation stage to the flower bud morphological differentiation stage. There were significant gender differences between male and female in IAA, Spd contents and IAA/ABA ratio during S1 stage, in ABA, ZT, IAA, Spd contents and IAA/ABA ratio during S2 stage, and in ABA content and ABA/GA3, ZT/GA3, IAA/ABA, IAA/ZT ratios during S3 stage. [Conclusion] High levels of ABA, ZT, IAA, PAs, ABA/ GA3 and ZT/GA3 could initiate flower bud physiological differentiation and higher levels of PAs, ZT/GA3 and IAA/ABA could benefit the flower bud morphological differentiation in male and female S. viminalis. During the process of transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, although the trends of endogenous hormones and polyamines are similar in female and male S. viminalis, their contents of BA, ZT, IAA, Spd and IAA/ABA ratio appear significantly gender different at certain stages of development, which may be related to sex determination.

Key words: Salix viminalis, flowering, endogenous hormones, ploymines, gender difference

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