广州长岗山森林土壤线虫的群落结构特征

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解华南地区城市森林土壤线虫群落结构特征及季节变化，对广州市长岗山自然保护区的木荷林、桉树林、竹林和青皮林4种典型林分的土壤线虫进行调查。4个样地共获得土壤线虫31 570头，隶属于2纲8目39科93属，滑刃属、真滑刃属和伪垫刃属为优势属，常见属有14个，优势属和常见属的数量占总个体数的90.90%，其中，植食性线虫约占总数的35.27%，食微（食细菌类群+食真菌类群）线虫约占52.15%，而捕食/杂食类群约占12.58%，并且大部分食微线虫分布于凋落物层（66.99%）。总土壤线虫密度在10月份达到最高，土壤线虫密度与土壤含水量显著相关（r=0.631；P<0.01）。土壤线虫密度和菌食性功能群不同月份间差异显著（P<0.01）；f/b（食真菌类群/食细菌类群）在不同月份间差异显著（P<0.01）；食细菌类群+食真菌类群/植食类群值，即WI在不同月份间的差异亦显著（P<0.05）；食真菌类群线虫和Wasilewska 指数（WI）在不同土层深度间的差异显著（P<0.05），香农维纳指数（H'）在不同的样地间差异显著（P<0.05）。

关键词: 城市森林, 土壤线虫, 营养类群, 季节变化, 垂直分布

Abstract:

To understand the community structure and its seasonal change of soil nematode in urban forests of Southern China, the litter invertebrates in four plantation of Schima superba, Eucalyptus urophylla, Thyrsostachys siamensis, and Vatica astrotricha in Changgangshan Natural Reserve of Guangzhou were sampled monthly from January 2008 to December 2008. A total of 31 570 nematode individuals were collected, belonging to two classes, eight orders, 39 families and 93 genera. Aphelenchoides, Aphelenchus, and Nothotylenchus were the dominant genera in the experimental region and most of them lived in fall-litter. Based on trophic groups classification, the majority of soil nematodes in the four plantations was Bacterivores (BA) and Fungivores (FF); and the second-highest was Plant-feeding nematodes (PF).The maximum population density of nematodes occurred in October. The soil nematode density was significantly correlated to soil moisture (r=0.631;P<0.01). Species richness of Fungivorous nematodes was higher than others in different vegetation communities and soil depth. The total soil nematode density and the trophic groups varied significantly (P<0.01) with different months. The number of Bacterivores and Fungivores nematodes (P<0.01) and the value of WI changed significantly (P<0.05) in different months. The number of Fungivores and the value of WI varied significantly (P<0.01) in different soil depths. The value of H' varied significantly in different vegetation communities (P<0.05).

Key words: urban forest, nematode community, trophic groups, seasonal change, soil depth

中图分类号:

S714.3

佟富春, 肖以华. 广州长岗山森林土壤线虫的群落结构特征[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(2): 111-120.

Tong Fuchun, Xiao Yihua. Community Structure of Soil Nematodes in Changgangshan Natural Reserve of Guangzhou[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(2): 111-120.

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