湖南省张家界马尾松林冠生态水文效应及其影响因素分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20061203

林业科学 ›› 2006, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 13-20.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20061203

湖南省张家界马尾松林冠生态水文效应及其影响因素分析

曹云黄志刚欧阳志云郑华王效科苗鸿

中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-12-25 发布日期:2006-12-25

Eco-hydrological Effect of Pinus massoniana Canopy and Its Influence Factors in Zhangjiajie of Hunan Province

Cao Yun,Huang Zhigang,Ouyang Zhiyun,Zheng Hua,Wang Xiaoke,Miao Hong

State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco_Environmental Sciences, CAS Beijing 100085

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-12-25 Published:2006-12-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对马尾松林的穿透雨、林冠截留和树干流的水文效应进行监测,并对其影响因素进行初步分析。结果表明:降雨主要集中在5—8月,期间穿透雨量、林冠截留量和树干流量分别占全年分配量的一半以上。穿透雨量、树干流量和林冠截留量与降雨量显著正相关,而穿透雨率和树干流率随着降雨强度的增加而升高,但截留率逐渐降低。马尾松林穿透雨量最大值出现在最大雨量级(≥90.0mm)和3.0～4.0mm·h^-1雨强范围内;但是截留率最大值出现在最小的雨量级(<10.0mm)和<1.0mm·h^-1雨强范围内;树干流率最大值出现在中等雨量(60.0～70.0mm)和2.0～3.0mm·h^-1雨强范围内,显然降雨特征是影响马尾松林内雨的关键因子。林下穿透雨率存在明显的空间异质性,靠近树干的林冠内部穿透雨率高于林冠外部,而且空间异质性随着降雨量的增加而降低。马尾松树干流与胸径及冠层面积呈极显著正相关。

关键词: 马尾松林, 降雨再分配, 截留, 树干流, 穿透雨

Abstract:

Throughfall,canopy interception and stemflow in Pinus massoniana forest were studied. The results showed:During the most rainfall period from May to August,the ratios of throughfall,canopy interception and stemflow accounted for total amount rainfall were more than half. The rainfall redistribution of P.massoniana was closely related with precipitation characteristics. The throughfall,interception and stemflow of P.massoniana positively related with precipitation amount. Under different rainfall intensity events,the ratios of throughfall and stemflow increased,but interception rate decreased as rainfall intensity increased. All the maximums of throughfall appeared in the ≥90.0 mm rainfall amount and 3.0～4.0 mm·h^-1 rainfall intensity. All the maximums of interception rate appeared in the <10.0 mm rainfall amount and <1.0 mm·h^-1 intensity. All the maximums of stemflow rate appeared in the 60.0～70.0 mm rainfall amount and 2.0～3.0 mm·h^-1 rainfall intensity. Throughfall rate below the canopy had clearly spatial variation and throughfall rate at positions closest to the trees was higher than those under the peripheral part. Spatial variation of throughfall rate below the canopy (I.e., the CV of throughfall ratio) decreased with increasing rainfall. The stemflow of P.massoniana was positively correlated with diameter at breast height and crown area.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, rainfall redistribution, canopy interception, stemflow, throughfall

曹云黄志刚欧阳志云郑华王效科苗鸿. 湖南省张家界马尾松林冠生态水文效应及其影响因素分析[J]. 林业科学, 2006, 42(12): 13-20.

Cao Yun;Huang Zhigang;Ouyang Zhiyun;Zheng Hua;Wang Xiaoke;Miao Hong. Eco-hydrological Effect of Pinus massoniana Canopy and Its Influence Factors in Zhangjiajie of Hunan Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2006, 42(12): 13-20.

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湖南省张家界马尾松林冠生态水文效应及其影响因素分析

Eco-hydrological Effect of Pinus massoniana Canopy and Its Influence Factors in Zhangjiajie of Hunan Province

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