Abstract: B 1959r B dieeHblX MaCCHBaX Ba60，ЧжaMaшH H CgIHbMH，pacnonoжeHHblX B ropax ЧHляHbшaHя，HaIIlHM HtlCTHTyTOM 651210 npOBedeHO 06cneAoPaHl4e ecTecTBeHHOrO B0- 306HOBieHHI eJIH c KenblO BblgICHCHHH 3aKOHOMepHOCTH ero B KaHHOM paoHe． rooBa cpeAHa TeMnepaTypa B aHHOM pafioHe paBHa 1℃，Makcu maanaa (B HIOJIO)一27.1℃，MHHHMaJIBHfli (B anBape)一30°，2． FoAosbie aTM0eqbepHbIe ocaKH Oipee．0Tc400--500MM．H ROHReHTJIHpylOTCt B nepl40Ae 7—9 MeCLtaX· BeaMop03HblInepHo)I OoKaeTc40He．：BereTaHoHHbInepHo~paCTCHHS npH— MepHo THCTCS：I 120 Altefi． B 06c．7IeoBaHHoM pafioHe pacnpocTpaHSlOTCS B OCHOBHOM qHCTble edlosble Hacax<- ~eHHg H HdlOIKa~KaMH CMelHaHHble HacaeeHH3 Picea asperata，Betula iaponica，Be- tula alba．Sinensis；Picea asperata．Populus davideana；Picea asperata，Betula japonica， Betula alba．Sinensis H Populus davideana B e0061RecTBe．A BCC eJIbHHKH pacrlpOCTpaHeHbl Ha 3aTeHeHHblX CKJIOHaX (ceBepHblfi，ceBepoBocTOIIHbI14 ceBep03aaHbIC KpyTH3- Hofi 20—30 o．Ho BepTHKaJIBHOMy pacnpocTpaHetHtO Ha 851COTe 2640—3400 M。Ape- BeCHHB HMeeT xopomnfi pOeT nnO~OHOlUeHHe Hx HaqHHaeTC~I B B03pacTe 40-60 JIeT． CeMeHHblfi rosaeTyiiaeT qepe3 Ka)KbI4 rosa． Pe3yabTaTbI 06cJIeoBaHHOKa3aJIH，qTO eCTeCTBeHHOe B0306HOBJIeHHe He MOAKCT yoBJIeTBopHTb TpeOOBaHnIO B BoocTaHoBeHHH H paCLUHpeHHH rocaecOoHa- Ha 3aJIo>KeHHBIX 514 nnomaAoIHMCIOTCFI 217 nnouIaoK(nJIH 42，2％OT 06mero qHcJIa nJIOIJaAKH)，Ha KO．H<,．KOM 143 KOTOpbIX BCXO~bI CBblIlIe 10000，a 48 IldlOIuaAog (9，4％)HMeeT FIO 5000--10000 BCXO~B H 53(10，3％)naoma2Igl4 HMeeT[IO 1000--3000 BCXO,~OB． KInomazH 6e3 B0300HOBJIeHHfl(T．E．14JIOIILaAKI6e3 acxoam)paBHSlOTCgl 164，T．E．68，1％OT 06mero q14CdlD． Bcxobi paclpocTpaHoTcoqeHb He paBHOMepHo 14 CKoHKeHTJll4pyIOTCFI KypTHHaMH Ha TeHeBBIX CKJIOHaX C IIOHH}KeHHblM peabeooM． O~HOJIeTHl4e BCXO~bl COCTaBJI~IIOT 79，75％H eaa60 paCTyT，a AByxJIeTHHe paCTyT XO． Pomo，HO HX OqeHh HeMHOFO H COCT8BJI~ICT JIHIJII20，25％． aHHblelOKa3blBaIOT，qTO l(aqecTBo eCTeCTBeHHOrO B0306HoBJIeHH eJIH He TOJIbKO CB~13aHO C KaqeCTBOM H KOJll4qeCTBOM CeM~II-I，H0 H C yCJIOBHeM MecTOnpOn3pacTaHHH· 11pH CJIHIIIKOM 60nbmofi H MaJIOt~HOJIHOTaX xopomero eCTeCTBeHHOFO B0306HOBJIe HHFI eJiH He OHaeTc． IloA no~IOrOM nee3 npn IIOJIHOTe 0，81，0 XOTI HaOnlo aIOTCg 06HJIbHble B030tgHOBJIeHHf：t(23352 IHT．Ha ra)HO OHH He MOryT xopomo paCTl B yrHeTeHHOM COCTO~IItHl4 H HaKOHelL rn6HyT H3--33 He~IoCTaTKH CBeTa．Ha MCCTaX， re IIOJIHOTa HHKe 0，3，HB-3a HHTeHcHBHOrO cOiHeqHero OeBeUeHHS， cyXOCTH IIOqBbI H HeycTOqBOcTH BJIa}KHOCTH BCXO,RSI Tag~e HJIOXO pa3BHBaiOTC14JIH COBCeM OTCyCT ByюT. Пoд пOлOFOM лeca c noaHOTOй O,4—O,7 HaблюдaюTcя 0билbHbIe BCXOды (23271 шT/гa)，pacTy зHepгичHO． KpyTиaHa и зKCпOзиция： yдOBлeTBOpиTeлbHOe eCTeCTBeHHOe BOзOбHOBлeHиe eли BCTpeчaeTcя Ha TeHeBbIX и пOлyTeHeBblX CKлOHaX．Bcxoды Ha ceBepHOM CKлOHe B cpeдHeM Ha гa 55176 шT．ceBepo-BOCTOчHOM-25905 шT Ha гa и ceBepo-зaпaдHOM- 21350 шT．Ha гa． Ha OCBeшeHHblX и пOлyOCBeшeHHblX CKлOHaX H3-3а CилbHOгO OC- BeшeHия，cyXOCTи пOчBы，cлaбоro paCTиTeлbHOгO пoKpoвa xopoшeгo BозобHOBлeHия He HaблюдaeTcя．CpeдHee чиCлO BCXOдOB Ha BOCTOчHOM CKлOHe COCTHBляeTCя TOльKO 2078 шT.H8 г3，Ha 3aпaдHOM-3500 шT，Ha югo-BOCTOчHOM-137 шT．Ha гa и Ha юж- HOM и югo-3aпaдHOM-иX COBCeM HeT． Ha MeCTaX，гдe KpyTиaHa Hижe 30 °eCTeCTBeHHOe BOзOбHOBлeHиe yдOBлeTBOpи- TeлbHO(B cpeдHeM Ha гa 24407)． Пpи KpyTизHe Cbышe 31° и3-3a бOлbшoй Kpy- Tи3Hы，cлaбOгO paCTиTeлbHOгO пoкpoBa pa3BиTиe BCXOдOB TaKжe cлaбOe． 3aBиCиMOCTb eCTeCTBeHHOгO BO3OбHOBлeHия пoд пOлOгOM лeca OT Kлacca B03pacTa дpeBOCTOeB：С yBeличeHиeM BO3pacTa，HaчиHaя C Ш Kлacca BO3pacTa(41—60)，KO- личeCTBO BCXOдOB B03pacTaeT(29156 шT．Ha гa)，B Iy—yI клaccax BOзpacTa чиCлO BCXOдOB Ha гa дOCTигaeT；дo 35707 шT． Пocлe yⅢ клacca BO3pacTa KOличeCTBO BCXOдOB Ha гa peзKO пaдaeT и Ha гa иMeeTcя TOлbKO 6042 шT． Пoд пOлOгOM дpeBOCTOH IX Kлacca Bo3pacTa BCXOдOB He HaблюдaeTcя ПKpoB：oбильHый MOXOBOй пoKpoB и MOщHaя лecHaя пOдCTилKa BлияюT Ha yxyдшeHиe eCTeCTBeHHOгO Bo3oбHOBлeHия．Пpи 10CM.-Boй MOщHOCTи MXOB BCXOдbI BCTpeчaюTCя oчeHb peдKO(2500 шT．Ha гa)． Ecли MOшHOCTB MXOB MeHee 10CM． TO Ha гa иMeeTcя 17500 шT BCXOдOB． Пpи MOщHOCTи пoдcTилKч лecHOй 1—3cM． BCXOды COCTaBляюT 31417 шT．Ha гa，пpи 5CM.-6358 шT.，пpи 7—9cM．2625 шT． BыCOTa： B OбcлeдOBaHHbIx paйoHax eлbHиKи BepTиKaльHO pacnpocTpaHяюTcя OT 2640 M.дO 3400 M．Haд ypOBHeM Mopя．Ho xopoшee ecTeCTBeHHOe B0бHOBлeHиe BcTpeчaeTcя Ha BblCOTe 2800-3100 M．(B cpeдHeM иMeeTCя 34758 шT．Ha гa)．Ha sepxHeй и HижHeй oпyшKax лeca BO3OбHOBлeHиe плoxoe．Ha HижHeй oпyшKe лeca и3-3a Bыпaca CKOTa，pyбKи дpOB BCXOдB OчeHb MaлO и TpyдHO pacTeT (B cpeдHeM Ha гa 7202 шT.)Ha BepxHeй oпyшKe лeca и3-3a Hи3KOй TeMпepaTypы．KOpOTKOгO BeгeTaциOHHOгO пepиoдa，Hи3KOй TeMпepaTypы， 3axлaMлeHHOCTи， 3HaчиTeльHOгO KoличecTBa CyXOCTOя и BалeжHиKOB (пepecToйый eлbHиK YⅢ Kлacca BoзpacTa) и плOXOгO плOдOHOшeHия BO3OбHOBлeHиe пpoиcxoдиT плOXO (Ha га 4373 шT.)．Ha BыCOTe 3400 M．H BышeHaд ypOBHeM Mopя BO3OбHOBлeHиe OTCyTCTByeT． вbIpyбKи，гapи и oпyшKи OKa3blBaюT бOлbшoe BлияHиe Ha eCTeCTBeHHoe BO3Oб- HOBлeHиe eли.Ha BbIбOpOчHblX BblpyбKax，гapяx и oпyшKax лeca eCTeCTBeHHOe BO3OбHOBлeHиe пpOиCXOдиT xopoшo (22000 шT，18250 шT，и 15250 шT．Ha гa)．Ha пpoгaлиHax，пyCTOTaX，пacTьбax и cплOшH bIx BmpyбKax и3—3a cлaбoгo 3aTeHeHия и HecTaбильHOй BлaжHOCTи пoчB eCTeCTBeHHOe BO3OбHOBлeHиe eли идeT плOXO (Ha гa 6250 шT．BCXOдB)． вCOOTBeTCTBии C BышeCKa3aHныMи MOжHO CKа3аTb，чTO B иccлeдOBaHиOM paйo- He иMeюTCя дOCTaTOчHыe BO3OбиOBлeHия，HO и3—3a Hи3KOгO KaчecTBa Ohи He MOгyT xopoшo paCTH，cлeдoвaTeлbHO，He OбecпeчeHo CBOeBpeMeHHOe BO3OбHOBлeHиe eльHиKa и пO эTOй пpичиHe HeOбxoди MO пpиHяTь Mepы，чTOбы пyTeM coдeйCTBия eCTeCTBeH- HOMy BO3OбHOвлeHию BOCCTaHOBиTь и pacшиpяTb плoшaдb eльHиKa．