Abstract: A brief discription and distribution of Pinus hwangshanensis is given.This pine is one of the main tree species in the eastern and central China at an elevation of 700— 1800m.In this region the mountains over 700m.in elevation are separated by low- lands;consequently the distribution of the pine is discontinuous or in the nature of in- sular distribution. On ridges or mountain peaks,where wind is very strong,pines are wind trimmed or wind trained,forming the crowns flag-like or krumholz in shape;they become very picturesque and give a peculiar but very attracting landscape in bare rocks and peaks in Hwangshan.In wind-protected areas,the pine,however,grows straightly.Those grown in dense stands are usually with cleanboles. Hwangshan pine is an intolerant species.Under shade,the regeneration is poor. The growth rate is very low when the light intensity below 50%.Accordingly in good site,where hardwood is abundant,the pine is often replaced by other tolerant species in the course of succession. In Hwangshan,five major forest types of this pine are recognized,i.e.(1)the steep slopes(or ridges)—stony ground—open pine forest,(2)the gentle slopes(under 10°) —grasses—pine forest(or open pine forest),(3)the slopes—small bamboos(Sasamorpha sinica)—pine forest,(4)the steep slopes—sclerophyllous live oaks(Cyclobalanopsis glauca vat.gracilis)—pine forest,and(5)the valleys—bamboos(Phyllostachys pubescens)—pine forest.Of the five types,the sites of(1)and(4)are of xeric in nature;and that of the last is of mesic.The last type is unstable and the pine will be replaced by other mesophytic hardwood species in a long run.(1),(2)and(3)are distributed at an eleva- tion of 1400—1800m;while(4)and(5)are located at lower elevations,about 700— 1400m.in altitude. The natural regeneration of this pine is fairly satisfactory along cleavages and niches of bare rocky peaks and ridges,on the burned places,the abandoned old-field and the cut over areas.Pines attain dominance in the stands considerably early and the self-prunning and self-thinning are also easily recognized. The growth rates of pine stand are variable according to the site qualities.On good sites,as in alluvial valleys,the stand volume per hectare amount to 480cu.m.with the average age of 90—120yrs.On poor sites,the volume per hectare is only 100cu.m. with similar ages. The timber quality of this pine is quite desirable and is one of the best conifers in the eastern and central China,so far as strength and durability of wood is concerned. In short,Hwangshan pine is a species worthy for reforestation and afforestation in the eastern and central China within the altitude as stated above(700—1800m.)Fur- ther investigations and researches of this pine is suggested.