Abstract: Saperda populnea is one of the most injurious insects of Aspen seedling in Peking. It has one generation a year. The adult emerged in mid-April and oviposited at the beginning of May. The females at most laid 57 eggs each. The newly hatched larvae fed on the cambium and xylem of the seedlings and caused the plants to produce galls, in which the matured larvae overwintered. Spraying the adults or the newly hatched larvae with a 25% emulsion of DDT in 200 parts of water or with a 10% emulsion of BHC at a dilution of 1:200 gave excellent control. It was also very effective to kill the eggs on the seedlings with a needle or to cut the gall beared branches off the trees in winter or early spring in the plantations.