修枝强度对杉木人工林无节材形成及质量的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230455

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of different pruning intensities on the formation and quality of clear wood of Cunninghamia lanceolata, in order to provide a scientific basis for guiding the cultivation of large-diameter-class, high-quality clear wood of C. lanceolata with reasonable pruning intensity. Method: With a randomized block design, an experiment was implemented in that a 4-year-old C. lanceolata plantation that was subjected to different pruning intensities (i.e. the trees were pruned annually until their stems with a diameter of 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, and 12 cm, respectively, and the pruning was stopped when the pruning clear bole height of stems reached 7 m, with the unpruned trees served as the control). After 22 years of pruning, the growth of the trees was investigated. A total of 30 average standard trees from different pruning intensities were selected and cut down, and the stems below 7 m were cut off and carried back to the laboratory for the determination of plumpness of the stems. The number, long diameter, and short diameter of knots were measured after the stems were cut according to the saw-cutting method and rotary cutting method, and the ratios of clear wood volume, knot-free veneer quantity, and knot volume were counted. Result: The diameter at breast height (DBH) and individual volume showed a significant decrease trend with increasing pruning intensity, but pruning intensity had no significant effect on tree height. The DBH with a pruning intensity of 6 cm was significantly smaller than that with other treatments, and the individual volume was significantly smaller than that with the pruning intensities of 10 cm and 12 cm, and of the control (CK). The DBH with a pruning intensity of 8 cm was significantly smaller than that with pruning intensities of 10 cm and 12 cm, and the individual volume was significantly smaller than that with a pruning intensity of 12 cm. In the 1.3–4 m cut logs, the plumpness with a pruning intensity of 6 cm was significantly higher than that with pruning intensities of 10 cm and 12 cm. In the 4–7 m cut logs, the plumpness with a pruning intensity of 8 cm was significantly higher than that with a pruning intensity of 10 cm. The determination results of the saw-cutting method showed a significant decrease trend of the number of knots with the increasing pruning intensity, and both the long and short diameters of knots decreased with increasing pruning intensity, and the short diameter of knots with a pruning intensity of 6 cm was significantly shorted than that with the other treatments. According to the determination results of the rotary cutting method, the number, long diameter, and short diameter of knots all tended to decrease significantly with the increasing pruning intensity. The ratio of both clear wood volume and the ratio of knot-free veneer quantity tended to significantly increase with increasing pruning intensity, while the ratio of knot volume tended to significantly decrease with increasing pruning intensity. Compared with the control, the ratio of clear wood volume with four pruning intensities were significantly higher (at least 51.1%), and the ratio of knot-free veneer quantity were significantly higher (at least 33.25%). The determination results of both the saw-cutting method and rotary cutting method consistently suggested that with pruning intensities of 6 cm and 8 cm had fewer and smaller distribution of knots, and the ratio of clear wood was more obviously improved. The pruning effect was ranked as pruning intensities of 6 cm>8 cm>10 cm>12 cm>CK. Conclusion: The selection of pruning intensity depends on the management objective. If greater DBH, tree height, and individual volume are desired, without demand of wood quality, pruning intensities of 10 cm and 12 cm can be good choice. If higher stem plumpness and ratios of clear wood volume and knot-free veneer quantity, lower ratio of knot volume, fewer number of knots, and smaller long and short diameters of knots are required, without demand of the amount of growth, pruning intensities of 6 cm and 8 cm can be selected.

Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata, pruning intensity, clear wood, rotary cutting method, saw-cutting method

CLC Number:

S791.27
S725

Yingchao Ruan, Rexitahong Subi,Xi Lin,Ming Li,Shaohui Fan,Suiqi Feng,Zhiyun Chen,Xiangqing Ma,Zongming He. Effects of Pruning Intensity on the Formation and Quality of Clear Wood of Trees in Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantations[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(6): 50-59.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 0

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处理Treatment	修枝强度 Pruning intensity	第1次间伐设计保留密度 Reserved density for the first thinning/ (trees·hm^?2)	重复数Repetition	林分密度 Stand density/ (trees·hm^?2)	间伐强度Thinning intensity (%)	保留密度 Reserved density/ (trees·hm^?2)	4年生杉木间伐前后生长量Growth of 4-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata before and after thinning
							间伐前Before thinning		间伐后After thinning
							树高Tree height/m	胸径DBH/cm	树高Tree height/m	胸径DBH/cm
1	10	900	4	1 563±24	42.5±0.9	896±2	4.50±0.06	7.26±0.15	4.74±0.06	7.89±0.14
2	10	1 200	12	1 701±10	29.4±0.4	1 195±1	4.42±0.06	7.13±0.15	4.60±0.06	7.60±0.14
3	10	1 800	2	1 808±121	0.4±0.2	1 800±117	4.62±0.06	7.19±0.13	4.62±0.06	7.20±0.13
4	6	1 200	4	1 604±13	24.9±0.5	1 204±2	4.44±0.06	6.79±0.15	4.58±0.06	7.14±0.15
5	8	1 200	4	1 688±40	28.4±1.8	1 195±2	4.47±0.05	7.06±0.13	4.59±0.06	7.42±0.13
6	12	1 200	4	1 933±33	38.5±1.2	1 183±5	4.66±0.05	7.66±0.13	4.81±0.05	8.20±0.13

修枝强度 Pruning intensity	胸径 DBH/cm	树高 Tree height/m	单株材积 Individual volume/m3
6 cm	24.23±0.82c	21.96±0.61a	0.511±0.051c
8 cm	26.43±0.80b	23.31±0.67a	0.628±0.053bc
10 cm	28.78±0.49a	22.52±0.39a	0.722±0.031ab
12 cm	29.62±0.83a	23.45±0.68a	0.790±0.054a
CK	27.64±0.34ab	22.22±0.27a	0.659±0.022b

修枝强度Pruning intensity	不同高度木段的节疤数量 Number of knots among wood segments of different heights			树干（高度≤7 m）的节疤数量 Number of knots in stems (≤7 m height)
修枝强度Pruning intensity	0~1.3 m	1.3~4 m	4~7 m	树干（高度≤7 m）的节疤数量 Number of knots in stems (≤7 m height)
6 cm	44d	25d	160bc	229c
8 cm	67c	85c	117c	269c
10 cm	82bc	128b	159bc	369b
12 cm	94b	129b	167b	390b
CK	122a	159a	296a	577a

修枝强度 Pruning intensity	不同高度木段的节疤数量 Number of knots among wood segments of different heights							树干（高度≤7 m）的节疤数量 Number of knots in stems (≤7 m height)
修枝强度 Pruning intensity	0~1 m	1~2 m	2~3 m	3~4 m	4~5 m	5~6 m	6~7 m	树干（高度≤7 m）的节疤数量 Number of knots in stems (≤7 m height)
6 cm	278c	202e	151d	193d	692b	339d	254e	2109e
8 cm	353b	253d	261c	251c	335d	646b	679a	2778d
10 cm	471a	519c	543a	343b	856a	524c	405d	3661c
12 cm	339b	844b	515b	781a	413c	768a	474c	4134b
CK	482a	897a	503b	803a	317d	792a	627b	4421a

修枝强度 Pruning intensity	不同高度木段的无节材积比例Ratio of clear wood volume among wood segments of different heights (%)			树干（高度≤7 m）的有无节材积比例Ratios of unclear and clear wood volume among stems (≤7 m height) (%)
修枝强度 Pruning intensity	0~1.3 m	1.3~4 m	4~7 m	无节材积比例 Ratio of clear wood volume	有节材积比例 Ratio of unclear wood volume
6 cm	82.92a	81.36a	78.54a	80.85a	19.15b
8 cm	78.87a	77.10a	73.12a	76.12a	23.88b
10 cm	74.09a	72.11a	68.38a	71.12a	28.88b
12 cm	69.30a	67.69a	63.95a	66.95a	33.05b
CK	39.43b	27.40b	18.84b	25.02b	74.98a

Effects of Pruning Intensity on the Formation and Quality of Clear Wood of Trees in Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantations

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修枝强度 Pruning intensity	不同高度木段的无节单板数量比例 Ratio of knot-free veneer quantity among wood segments of different heights (%)							树干（高度≤7 m）的有无节单板数量比例Ratios of knot and knot-free veneer quantity among stems (≤7 m height) (%)
修枝强度 Pruning intensity	0~1 m	1~2 m	2~3 m	3~4 m	4~5 m	5~6 m	6~7 m	无节单板数量比例 Ratio of knot-free veneer quantity	有节单板数量比例 Ratio of knot veneer quantity
6 cm	70.27a	75.00a	80.00a	58.82a	55.81a	60.00a	65.52a	66.39a	33.61d
8 cm	68.89a	72.09a	65.63a	57.78a	55.00a	52.78a	43.90b	59.57ab	40.43cd
10 cm	66.04a	43.18b	50.00b	44.74a	32.35b	50.00a	43.33b	48.36bc	51.64bc
12 cm	65.45a	22.54c	36.59b	16.22b	31.58b	48.89a	41.18b	37.69c	62.31b
CK	14.63b	11.43c	0.00c	0.00c	0.00c	0.00b	0.00c	4.44d	95.56a

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