楸木不同类型组织的湿胀-干缩行为

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220705

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The adsorption-desorption isotherms and wood fiber tissue, wood ray and vessel dimension of change ratio of Catalpa bungei earlywood and latewood were real-timely and synchronously documented. This work aimed to reveal the pattern and interaction between the dimensional changes of different tissues of the earlywood and latewood. Method: The earlywood and latewood of the same growth ring in the heartwood of Catalpa bungei were studied using a dynamic vapor sorption analyzer combined with a video Dino X Lite Digital Microscope. The measurements were taken at a constant temperature of (25±0.1)℃, starting at 0% relative humidity (RH) and increasing in increments of 10% RH up to 95% RH, and then decreasing back to 0% RH also in 10% RH decrements. The each RH process was divided into the water vapor sorption period and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) constant period. During the water vapor sorption period, wood fiber tissue, wood ray and vessel dimensional change ratio and the sorption isotherm were synchronously measured. During the EMC constant period, whether there was hysteresis between“dimensional change behavior”and“EMC”or not was investigated. Result: 1) Throughout the moisture sorption process, both earlywood and latewood existed a significant hygroscopic hysteresis. The absolute hysteresis increased and then decreased with the increasing RH, reaching a maximum at the 70% RH level. Compare with earlywood, the absolute hysteresis of latewood was smaller. 2) The change ratio of wood fiber tissue dimension and wood ray dimension for both earlywood and latewood increased with increasing RH, while the change ratio of tangential diameter follow the opposite pattern of change with RH. The change ratio in tangential of earlywood and latewood at 95% RH was 0.945 and 0.918, respectively. 3) As the linear length (L) between the wood ray and the vessel increased, the change ratio of tangential dimension of wood ray decreased, and ceased to change after L≥200 μm, while the change ratio of longitudinal dimension of wood ray remained unchanged or changed minimally. At 95% RH, the maximum values of the change ratio in the tangential dimension of earlywood and latewood rays were 1.051 and 1.038, respectively. 4) In the process of moisture sorption cycle, the change ratio of three tissues dimension in both earlywood and latewood showed a significant swelling hysteresis, which increased first and then decreased with increasing RH, reached the maximum at 70% RH. 5) In the process of moisture adsorption-desorption, the dimensional change ratio of earlywood and latewood tissues“just reached the moisture content equilibrium state”was considered equivalent to the dimensional change ratio after“keeping the moisture content equilibrium state for 180 min”. Conclusion: The effect of lignin on absolute hysteresis was greater than that of hemicellulose. In the process of moisture adsorption, the swelling behavior of wood fiber tissue and wood rays compressed the vessel causing them to contrast, similarly, the vessel expanded due to the pull of wood fiber tissue and wood rays shrinkage during moisture desorption. The compressive and tensile forces exerted on the vessels by latewood tissue are greater than those exerted by earlywood tissue. Wood fiber tissue inhibited the swelling and shrinkage behavior of wood rays, with latewood wood fiber tissue inhibiting the tangential swelling and shrinkage behavior of wood rays more significantly than earlywood wood fiber tissue. The hygroscopic hysteresis behavior of wood is the one reason of the swelling hysteresis phenomenon. “EMC”and“the equilibrium of dimensional change”of the earlywood and latewood tissues were reached synchronously. It meant that there was not hysteresis between“dimensional change behavior”and“EMC”.

Key words: Catalpa bungei wood, earlywood tissue, latewood tissue, swelling and shrinkage, hysteresis

CLC Number:

S781.3

Fangyu Yin,Yamin Du,Zhu Li,Jiali Jiang. Shrinkage and Swelling Behavior of Different Types of Tissues in Catalpa bungei Wood[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(7): 105-116.

Figures/Tables 14

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Table 1

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Table 2

The dimensional change ratios and EMC of the moisture adsorption period and the EMC constant period"

H_R(%)	试样 Sample	C_W(%)		R_C(WFT-T)		R_C(WFT-L)		R_C(WR-S)		R_C(WR-T)		R_C(WR-L)		R_C(V-T)
H_R(%)	试样 Sample	X₁	X₂	X₁	X₂	X₁	X₂	X₁	X₂	X₁	X₂	X₁	X₂	X₁	X₂
10	EW	1.34	1.38	1.004 1	1.003 9	1.001 8	1.002 1	1.008 1	1.008 5	1.007 2	1.006 9	1.001 4	1.001 0	0.992 1	0.991 7
10	LW	1.73	1.74	1.007 6	1.008 0	1.000 7	1.001 0	1.007 2	1.007 0	1.002 3	1.002 7	1.003 9	1.003 9	0.985 0	0.985 5
20	EW	2.55	2.61	1.008 3	1.008 0	1.003 2	1.003 4	1.016 3	1.016 6	1.013 1	1.013 5	1.003 0	1.003 3	0.985 1	0.985 4
20	LW	3.20	3.24	1.016 5	1.016 5	1.001 2	1.001 5	1.013 2	1.013 2	1.006 4	1.006 0	1.008 1	1.008 6	0.976 4	0.976 1
30	EW	3.62	3.67	1.013 1	1.013 4	1.005 3	1.005 1	1.024 0	1.024 4	1.018 0	1.018 6	1.005 3	1.005 0	0.977 4	0.977 7
30	LW	4.45	4.44	1.023 3	1.023 6	1.002 0	1.002 5	1.021 2	1.021 3	1.009 1	1.009 2	1.011 3	1.011 7	0.963 9	0.963 4
40	EW	4.47	4.49	1.018 4	1.018 9	1.006 2	1.005 9	1.035 1	1.035 6	1.022 1	1.022 7	1.007 6	1.008 0	0.972 0	0.972 3
40	LW	5.67	5.68	1.030 5	1.030 4	1.002 8	1.003 1	1.029 4	1.029 5	1.012 2	1.012 6	1.013 2	1.013 5	0.955 5	0.955 5
50	EW	5.80	5.82	1.024 3	1.024 7	1.007 6	1.007 7	1.043 3	1.043 7	1.026 3	1.026 6	1.009 2	1.009 2	0.968 1	0.968 4
50	LW	6.93	6.94	1.036 2	1.036 6	1.003 4	1.003 4	1.037 4	1.037 7	1.015 3	1.015 0	1.016 0	1.016 4	0.944 1	0.944 1
60	EW	7.01	7.07	1.031 5	1.031 4	1.009 7	1.009 5	1.050 4	1.050 8	1.032 2	1.032 7	1.011 1	1.011 0	0.964 3	0.964 8
60	LW	8.30	8.36	1.044 1	1.044 4	1.004 0	1.004 4	1.044 5	1.044 0	1.019 0	1.019 2	1.019 3	1.019 1	0.937 0	0.937 7
70	EW	8.26	8.33	1.037 2	1.037 6	1.011 9	1.012 3	1.057 2	1.057 2	1.036 1	1.036 3	1.013 3	1.013 6	0.959 0	0.959 1
70	LW	9.77	9.77	1.051 3	1.051 0	1.004 6	1.004 4	1.050 2	1.050 0	1.022 3	1.022 0	1.021 2	1.021 5	0.929 3	0.929 6
80	EW	9.71	9.74	1.044 4	1.044 2	1.014 3	1.014 9	1.066 1	1.066 5	1.042 2	1.041 5	1.013 0	1.013 3	0.953 2	0.953 8
80	LW	11.43	11.45	1.060 2	1.060 3	1.005 6	1.006 0	1.057 4	1.057 7	1.026 1	1.026 6	1.024 5	1.024 6	0.925 1	0.925 0
90	EW	12.63	12.66	1.054 6	1.054 1	1.016 5	1.016 3	1.073 2	1.072 9	1.047 0	1.047 2	1.021 0	1.021 7	0.948 4	0.947 8
90	LW	14.33	14.37	1.069 5	1.069 6	1.006 5	1.006 0	1.065 1	1.065 0	1.031 9	1.031 6	1.028 0	1.028 5	0.920 6	0.921 0
95	EW	14.27	14.29	1.060 4	1.060 8	1.018 3	1.018 3	1.079 4	1.079 1	1.051 6	1.051 0	1.027 4	1.027 0	0.945 0	0.945 5
95	LW	15.66	15.70	1.077 2	1.077 7	1.007 3	1.007 6	1.071 0	1.071 5	1.038 1	1.038 4	1.032 3	1.032 1	0.918 3	0.918 8

Table 2

Table 3

The dimensional change ratios and EMC of the moisture desorption period and the EMC constant period"

H_R(%)	试样 Sample	C_W(%)		R_C(WFT-T)		R_C(WFT-L)		R_C(WR-S)		R_C(WR-T)		R_C(WR-L)		R_C(V-T)
H_R(%)	试样 Sample	X₃	X₄	X₃	X₄	X₃	X₄	X₃	X₄	X₃	X₄	X₃	X₄	X₃	X₄
95	EW	14.27	14.29	1.060 3	1.060 8	1.018 2	1.018 8	1.079 4	1.079 0	1.051 0	1.051 1	1.027 4	1.027 7	0.945 2	0.945 9
95	LW	15.66	15.70	1.077 0	1.077 2	1.007 3	1.007 0	1.071 6	1.072 0	1.038 3	1.038 3	1.032 5	1.032 0	0.918 5	0.918 2
90	EW	13.75	13.76	1.058 4	1.058 8	1.017 4	1.017 1	1.077 5	1.007 8	1.049 4	1.049 0	1.026 5	1.026 4	0.953 4	0.953 4
90	LW	15.05	15.09	1.074 3	1.074 0	1.007 1	1.007 8	1.069 3	1.069 0	1.037 0	1.037 6	1.031 0	1.031 1	0.927 4	0.927 1
80	EW	12.22	12.30	1.051 2	1.050 9	1.015 2	1.014 6	1.073 2	1.073 3	1.045 2	1.045 3	1.024 1	1.024 6	0.962 1	0.962 3
80	LW	13.56	13.59	1.069 2	1.069 7	1.006 7	1.007 0	1.064 2	1.064 5	1.034 2	1.034 4	1.029 3	1.029 0	0.935 1	0.935 8
70	EW	11.04	11.07	1.045 3	1.045 5	1.013 3	1.013 4	1.068 0	1.068 2	1.041 3	1.041 0	1.022 0	1.022 3	0.968 0	0.968 4
70	LW	12.33	12.41	1.064 4	1.064 8	1.006 2	1.006 3	1.059 1	1.059 7	1.031 0	1.031 6	1.028 1	1.028 5	0.944 2	0.944 3
60	EW	9.73	9.77	1.038 8	1.038 8	1.010 9	1.010 4	1.060 5	1.060 3	1.036 2	1.036 6	1.019 3	1.018 7	0.972 6	0.972 8
60	LW	10.83	10.85	1.057 2	1.057 9	1.005 4	1.005 9	1.053 4	1.054 0	1.027 1	1.027 3	1.025 2	1.025 6	0.950 4	0.950 4
50	EW	8.36	8.39	1.031 6	1.031 0	1.008 7	1.008 4	1.052 1	1.052 6	1.030 6	1.030 9	1.016 4	1.016 4	0.975 4	0.975 9
50	LW	9.31	9.32	1.049 2	1.049 3	1.004 7	1.004 7	1.046 7	1.046 6	1.023 3	1.022 9	1.055 0	1.055 1	0.957 2	0.957 6
40	EW	7.01	7.03	1.024 4	1.024 4	1.007 1	1.007 6	1.043 3	1.043 2	1.025 1	1.025 4	1.014 3	1.014 4	0.979 1	0.978 5
40	LW	7.79	7.84	1.040 1	1.040 3	1.004 0	1.004 4	1.037 5	1.037 7	1.019 4	1.019 0	1.018 4	1.018 0	0.966 3	0.966 4
30	EW	5.57	5.58	1.018 3	1.018 8	1.005 6	1.005 3	1.033 1	1.033 2	1.020 0	1.020 7	1.011 0	1.011 2	0.984 0	0.984 2
30	LW	6.21	6.24	1.031 1	1.031 0	1.003 1	1.002 9	1.028 0	1.028 5	1.015 2	1.015 4	1.015 3	1.015 7	0.974 5	0.974 3
20	EW	4.10	4.17	1.012 1	1.012 5	1.003 6	1.003 7	1.022 7	1.022 0	1.014 4	1.014 4	1.008 3	1.008 0	0.989 1	0.989 6
20	LW	4.57	4.57	1.023 5	1.023 3	1.002 3	1.002 3	1.019 5	1.019 6	1.011 0	1.011 5	1.011 1	1.011 3	0.984 0	0.984 2
10	EW	2.39	2.44	1.007 2	1.007 4	1.002 1	1.002 6	1.012 4	1.012 6	1.008 6	1.008 8	1.005 1	1.005 6	0.994 4	0.994 3
10	LW	2.65	2.68	1.013 4	1.013 0	1.001 3	1.001 0	1.010 6	1.010 8	1.006 3	1.006 3	1.006 2	1.006 4	0.991 3	0.991 8

Table 3

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试样类型Sample type	纤维素质量分数Cellulose	半纤维素质量分数Hemicellulose	木质素质量分数Lignin
早材Earlywood	43.43 ± 0.20	12.13 ± 0.50	27.38 ± 0.10
晚材Latewood	45.46 ± 0.40	16.16 ± 0.20	21.95 ± 0.70

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Shrinkage and Swelling Behavior of Different Types of Tissues in Catalpa bungei Wood

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