模拟氮沉降对中亚热带桉树人工林土壤微生物群落结构及酶活性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240239

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The central subtropical region is facing a challenge of increasing nitrogen deposition. Soil microorganisms are the link for maintaining terrestrial ecosystems and sensitive to global change. This study aims to explore the response of soil microorganisms and enzyme activities to the increased nitrogen deposition in Eucalyptus plantations in mid-subtropical region, so as to provide scientific basis for further research on the impact of nitrogen deposition on Eucalyptus plantation ecosystems under the background of global change. Method: A simulated nitrogen deposition experiment was established in Eucalyptus plantations in 2018, and four treatments were set up: CK (0 kg·hm^?2a^?1), low nitrogen (LN, 50 kg·hm^?2a^?1), medium nitrogen (MN, 100 kg·hm^?2a^?1) and high nitrogen (HN, 150 kg·hm^?2a^?1). After five years of simulated nitrogen deposition treatment, soil physical and chemical properties, microbial community structure, microbial diversity and soil enzyme activities were analyzed. Result: 1) Compared with the control, nitrogen deposition significantly increased soil cation exchange capacity, and the content of clay, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, dissolved organic nitrogen, and microbial biomass nitrogen. As the level of nitrogen deposition increased, the content of total phosphorus, microbial biomass phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen and sand showed a trend of first increase and then decrease. The silt content showed a trend of first decrease and then slight increase, which was lower than that of the control. 2) Nitrogen deposition increased the total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) of soil microorganisms. Low and medium nitrogen deposition treatments increased the content of soil bacteria, fungi, Gram-positive bacteria, actinomycetes, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Gram-negative bacteria, and promoted the activities of soil β-glucosidase, cellulase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, urease and acid phosphatase. However, all the parameters tended to decrease under high nitrogen deposition. 3) The results of correlation and redundancy analysis showed that soil cation exchange capacity, microbial biomass nitrogen, silt, total nitrogen, dissolved organic nitrogen and total phosphorus contents were the key environmental factors affecting the changes of microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities. Conclusion: The short-term simulated nitrogen deposition of five years has improved the soil physico-chemical properties in Eucalyptus plantations, changed the soil microbial community structure and increased soil enzyme activities. Low and medium nitrogen deposition levels have a promoting effect on soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure and soil enzyme activities, while high nitrogen deposition shows a certain inhibitory effect.

Key words: nitrogen deposition, microbial community structure, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), enzyme activities, Eucalyptus plantation

CLC Number:

Yingjie Sun,Denan Zhang,Yuyi Shen,Guangping Xu,Yang Cao,Kechao Huang,Yunshuang Chen,Xinyue Mao,Qiumei Teng,Shihong Lü,Junzhi Chu. Effects of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Enzyme Activities in Eucalyptus Plantations in Mid-subtropical Region[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(5): 46-60.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Changes of soil physico-chemical properties and microbial biomass nitrogen and phosphorus under different nitrogen deposition treatments"

土层 Soil layer/cm	处理 Treatment	CEC/ （mol·kg^?1）	CL （%）	SI （%）	SA （%）	SOC/ （g·kg^?1）	TP/ （g·kg^?1）	TN/ （g·kg^?1）	NO₃^－-N/ （mg·kg^?1）	NH₄ ⁺-N/ （mg·kg^?1）	DON/ （mg·kg^?1）	MBN/ （mg·kg^?1）	MBP/ （mg·kg^?1）
0~10	CK	10.39± 0.07Da	22.11± 0.05Ca	53.99± 0.11Aa	23.90± 0.08Bc	7.38± 0.02Ca	0.53± 0.01Ba	1.04± 0.01Ba	17.31± 0.10Ba	60.81± 0.10Ba	20.57± 0.17Ba	59.62± 0.24Aa	43.29± 0.12Aa
	LN	11.05± 0.09Ba	24.16± 0.18Ba	51.35± 0.18Bb	24.50± 0.08Ac	7.59± 0.07Ba	0.65± 0.01Aa	1.13± 0.01Ba	19.38± 0.09Ba	60.89± 0.16Ba	21.65± 0.17Ba	61.51± 0.07Aa	47.03± 0.34Aa
	MN	11.78± 0.12Aa	25.84± 0.15Aa	50.08± 0.24Cb	24.08± 0.11Bc	8.02± 0.04Aa	0.42± 0.01Ca	1.30± 0.01Aa	21.66± 0.10Aa	64.18± 0.23Aa	24.67± 0.16Aa	65.05± 0.32Aa	41.26± 0.22Aa
	HN	10.74± 0.08Ca	25.53± 0.16Aa	51.75± 0.16Bb	22.72± 0.12Cc	7.69± 0.06Aa	0.37± 0.01Da	1.46± 0.01Aa	19.01± 0.05Aa	59.86± 0.39Ca	23.56± 0.07Aa	60.25± 0.06Aa	38.48± 0.23Aa
10~20	CK	7.13± 0.05Dc	18.21± 0.04Bb	51.57± 0.09Bb	30.22± 0.05Cb	6.17± 0.02Db	0.31± 0.01Bb	0.59± 0.02Cb	8.53± 0.17Cb	31.73± 0.14Cb	14.20± 0.22Db	40.29± 0.04Db	19.65± 0.13Bb
	LN	8.31± 0.07ABb	19.27± 0.12Ab	49.06± 0.25Cc	31.68± 0.17Ab	6.68± 0.04Cb	0.38± 0.01Ab	0.70± 0.01Bb	10.28± 0.06Bb	32.78± 0.11Bb	15.39± 0.18Cb	42.25± 0.11Bb	22.24± 0.13Ab
	MN	9.20± 0.09Ab	14.03± 0.25Cc	55.26± 0.28Aa	30.71± 0.07Bb	7.28± 0.05Ab	0.20± 0.01Dc	0.55± 0.01Cc	12.55± 0.17Ab	34.50± 0.24Ab	17.83± 0.15Ab	45.04± 0.18Ab	17.31± 0.09Cb
	HN	8.03± 0.06ACb	19.14± 0.06Ab	51.39± 0.20Bb	29.47± 0.15Db	7.05± 0.04Bb	0.26± 0.01Cb	0.92± 0.01Ab	7.14± 0.06Dc	30.76± 0.18Db	16.92± 0.12Bb	41.30± 0.13Cb	16.08± 0.08Db
20~30	CK	4.14± 0.05Cb	12.01± 0.06Dc	54.31± 0.19Aa	33.68± 0.15Ba	3.22± 0.04Dc	0.26± 0.01Bc	0.33± 0.02Dc	6.49± 0.18Cc	21.65± 0.10Cc	7.20± 0.09Dc	19.14± 0.29Dc	14.84± 0.07Bc
	LN	4.93± 0.10ABc	12.50± 0.18Cc	52.64± 0.10Ba	34.86± 0.18Aa	3.89± 0.06Cc	0.33± 0.01Ac	0.44± 0.01Cc	7.88± 0.15Bc	22.80± 0.09Bc	8.33± 0.16Bc	21.68± 0.11Bc	16.92± 0.12Ac
	MN	5.37± 0.12Ac	20.26± 0.06Ab	45.75± 0.15Cc	34.00± 0.15Ba	4.39± 0.06Ac	0.31± 0.01Ab	0.75± 0.01Ab	9.65± 0.16Ac	24.91± 0.11Ac	10.19± 0.08Ac	24.75± 0.19Ac	12.20± 0.10Cc
	HN	4.31± 0.06Cc	13.64± 0.15Bc	53.79± 0.25Aa	32.57± 0.11Ca	4.23± 0.03Bc	0.15± 0.01Cc	0.71± 0.02Bc	10.00± 0.06Ab	20.22± 0.18Dc	7.61± 0.13Cc	20.10± 0.23Cc	12.09± 0.06Cc
0~30 均值 0~30 Mean	CK	7.22	17.44	53.29	29.27	5.59	0.37	0.65	10.78	38.06	13.99	39.68	25.93
	LN	8.10	18.64	51.02	30.34	6.05	0.45	0.76	12.74	40.10	15.56	43.30	29.47
	MN	8.78	20.05	50.36	29.60	6.56	0.31	0.87	14.51	41.01	17.44	44.68	23.97
	HN	7.69	19.44	52.31	28.25	6.32	0.26	1.03	12.05	36.95	16.03	40.55	22.21

Table 2

Fig.1

Table 3

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

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理化性质指标 Physico-chemical properties	初始土壤 Initial soil (2018)	5年氮沉降试验后土壤 Five-year nitrogen deposition experiment on soil (2023)
理化性质指标 Physico-chemical properties	初始土壤 Initial soil (2018)	CK	LN	MM	HN
pH	5.33	5.31	5.18	4.99	4.67
BD/( g·cm^?3)	1.71	1.75	1.63	1.52	1.42
CEC/ (mol·kg^?1)	6.97	7.22	8.10	8.78	7.69
SOC /(g·kg^?1)	5.65	5.59	6.05	6.56	6.32
TN /(g·kg^?1)	0.59	0.65	0.76	0.87	1.03
TP /(g·kg^?1)	0.29	0.37	0.45	0.31	0.26
TK /(g·kg^?1)	4.93	4.78	5.13	5.49	5.19
AN /(mg·kg^?1)	55.42	55.23	58.97	62.08	64.13
AP /(mg·kg^?1)	1.32	1.51	1.60	1.47	1.30
AK /(mg·kg^?1)	29.34	30.31	31.36	32.55	31.66

土层 Soil layer/cm	处理 Treatment	TPLFAs/（nmol·g^?1）	G+/G?	F/B	H'	D
0~10	CK	42.751±0.236Ca	1.122±0.008Bb	0.390±0.000Ba	1.635±0.005Ca	0.701±0.004Ca
	LN	47.615±0.215Ba	1.150±0.018Ba	0.348±0.005Ca	1.695±0.009Ba	0.723±0.004Ba
	MN	55.983±0.665Aa	1.583±0.025Aa	0.488±0.009Aa	1.770±0.007Aa	0.786±0.004Aa
	HN	43.248±0.058Ca	1.623±0.030Ab	0.383±0.006Ba	1.575±0.0124Da	0.695±0.003Ca
10~20	CK	23.688±0.127Db	1.240±0.011Ca	0.335±0.005Cb	1.546±0.003Cb	0.638±0.006Cb
	LN	28.168±0.289Bb	1.070±0.007Cb	0.360±0.006Ba	1.600±0.005Bb	0.660±0.007Bb
	MN	36.623±0.422Ab	1.480±0.023Bb	0.395±0.005Ac	1.627±0.008Ab	0.709±0.002Ab
	HN	25.723±0.170Cb	3.701±0.138Aa	0.285±0.006Db	1.505±0.003Db	0.603±0.003Db
20~30	CK	17.730±0.180Cc	1.180±0.031Bab	0.313±0.006Cc	1.411±0.004Cc	0.526±0.012Cc
	LN	20.460±0.123Ac	1.155±0.023Ba	0.365±0.013Ba	1.477±0.011Bc	0.578±0.006Bc
	MN	24.138±0.768Ac	1.640±0.041Aa	0.425±0.006Ab	1.504±0.003Ac	0.616±0.003Ac
	HN	19.530±0.171Bc	1.105±0.010Bc	0.290±0.007Cb	1.373±0.010Dc	0.506±0.003Cc

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Effects of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Enzyme Activities in Eucalyptus Plantations in Mid-subtropical Region

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