可持续森林经营认证对林业生态产品价值实现的影响：机制与实证

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250481

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to clarify the impact of sustainable forest management certification on the realization of the value of forestry eco-products, so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the diversity, stability, and sustainability of forest ecosystems. Method: Based on forest resource survey data from 3 170 subplots in Shunchang County, Fujian Province, the propensity score matching (PSM) model was used to analyze the impact of sustainable forest management certification by Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) on the realization of forestry ecological product value from two dimensions: forest asset value and forest carbon sequestration. The robustness of the model was tested using data subset analysis, substitution of dependent variables, and random sampling simulations were conducted 1000 times to draw kernel density curves for placebo testing. Result: FSC certification significantly promotes the realization of forestry ecological product value from two aspects: enhancing forest product value and carbon sequestration effect, and the model robustness test is good. There is a positive synergistic effect between FSC certification and the management goal of large-diameter timber, and certification can significantly enhance the forest value and carbon sequestration capacity of forests with large-diameter timber as the management goal. Conclusion: FSC promotes the realization of eco-product value through a dual path of ecological restoration mechanism and market premium mechanism. Differentiated certification promotion strategies should be adopted for different management characteristics, and FSC certification should be more inclined to be promoted in non intensive forest land and forest land with large-diameter timber management goals, promoting the sustainable development of forest ecosystems, and promoting the modernization of forestry with harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Key words: FSC certification, value realization of eco-products, carbon sequestration, value of forest assets

CLC Number:

S7-9
F326.2

Ying Huang,Wenqi Lian,Liying Wang,Can Liu. Impact of Sustainable Forest Management Certification on Realization of Forestry Eco-Product Value: Mechanism and Empirical Evidence[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(5): 179-188.

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变量Variable	均值Mean	标准差Standard deviation	最小值Min	最大值Max
郁闭度Canopy closure	0.71	0.15	0.20	0.95
林龄 Age/a	19.41	9.46	4.00	61.00
平均胸径Average DBH/cm	14.04	5.27	5.00	44.00
平均树高Average tree height/m	11.63	4.04	0.50	75.00
小班林分蓄积Volume of small forest stands/m³	377.15	498.75	1.00	4686.00
山脚海拔Mountain base altitude/m	321.76	126.92	0.00	850.00
山顶海拔Peak elevation /m	432.41	153.50	0.00	2007.00
坡度Slope /（°）	26.70	4.99	2.00	48.00
腐殖质层厚度Thickness of humus layer/cm	13.14	4.35	1.00	50.00
土层厚度Soil thickness/cm	93.79	17.61	1.00	200.00
面积Area /hm²	2.69	2.89	0.07	19.27
单位面积蓄积量Volume per unit area/（m³·hm^–2）	147.74	88.89	1.45	660.00

变量Variable	模型Ⅰ Model Ⅰ	模型Ⅱ Model Ⅱ	模型Ⅲ Model Ⅲ	模型Ⅳ Model Ⅳ	模型Ⅴ Model Ⅴ
FSC认证 FSC certification	0.069^*** （0.019）	0.073^*** （0.019）	0.075^*** （0.019）	0.076^*** （0.019）	0.077^*** （0.019）
截距项Intercept	2.229^*** （0.021）	2.325^*** （0.076）	2.200^*** （0.469）	2.333^*** （0.147）	2.442^*** （0.158）
特征变量Characteristic variable	—	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control
乡镇Township	—	—	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control
村Village	—	—	—	控制Control	控制Control
小班Forest compartment	—	—	—	—	控制Control
个体固定Individual fixed	否No	否No	是Yes	是Yes	是Yes
观测值Observation value	2724	2724	2724	2724	2724
R²	0.793	0.795	0.804	0.815	0.817
F	5227.225^***	1500.450^***	440.690^***	147.107^***	113.461^***

变量Variable	模型Ⅰ Model Ⅰ	模型Ⅱ Model Ⅱ	模型Ⅲ Model Ⅲ	模型Ⅳ Model Ⅳ	模型Ⅴ Model Ⅴ
FSC认证FSC certification	0.148^*** （0.021）	0.152^*** （0.021）	0.150^*** （0.021）	0.155^** （0.021）	0.155^** （0.021）
特征变量Characteristic variable	—	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control
乡镇Township	—	—	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control
村Village	—	—	—	控制Control	控制Control
小班Forest compartment	—	—	—	—	控制Control
个体固定效应Individual fixed effects	否No	否No	是Yes	是Yes	是Yes
观测值Observation value	2678	2678	2678	2678	2678
R²	0.804	0.805	0.813	0.823	0.825
F	5503.440^***	1577.578^***	460.458^***	152.591^***	117.690^***

变量Variable	每公顷林木价值Forest value per hectare	每公顷固碳量 Carbon sequestration per hectare
FSC认证 FSC certification	0.246^*** （0.070）	0.231^*** （0.066）
腐殖质层Humus layer	0.016^*** （0.004）	0.017^*** （0.004）
经营方式（天然经营型） Management type （natural）	?0.085 （0.175）	?0.009 （0.165）
经营方式（集约经营型） Management type （intensive）	0.224^*** （0.056）	0.154^*** （0.053）
经营目标（中径材）Management objective （medium-diameter timber）	?0.122^*** （0.042）	?0.101^** （0.040）
经营目标（大径材）Management objective （large-diameter timber）	?0.316^*** （0.099）	?0.204^** （0.094）
每公顷蓄积量 Volume per hectare	0.010^*** （0.0001）	0.009^*** （0.0001）
郁闭度Canopy density	0.029 （0.061）	0.005 （0.058）
海拔Elevation	?0.0001 （0.0001）	?0.0001 （0.0001）
坡度Slope	0.001 （0.002）	0.001 （0.002）
土层厚度Soil depth	?0.001^** （0.0005）	?0.001^*** （0.0005）
FSC认证: 腐殖质层 FSC certification: humus layer	?0.014^*** （0.005）	?0.016^*** （0.005）
FSC认证:经营方式（天然经营型） FSC certification: management type （natural）	?0.027（0.189）	?0.063（0.178）
FSC认证:经营方式（集约经营型） FSC certification: management type （intensive）	?0.200^*** （0.063）	?0.144^** （0.060）
FSC认证:经营目标（中径材） FSC certification: management objective （medium-diameter timber）	0.142^*** （0.047）	0.122^*** （0.045）
FSC认证:经营目标（大径材） FSC certification: management objective （large-diameter timber）	0.345^*** （0.112）	0.247^** （0.106）
常数项Constant term	9.467^*** （0.097）	2.185^*** （0.092）
样本量Observations	2688	2688
R²	0.808	0.798
F（df=16;2671）	709.329^***	664.707^***

策略Strategy	异方差稳健标准误 Heteroscedasticity robust standard error		替换因变量 Replace dependent variable
变量Variable	每公顷固碳量 Carbon sequestration per hectare	每公顷林木价值 Tree value per hectare	是否高价值 High value
FSC认证 FSC certification	0.075^*** （0.020）	0.150^*** （0.023）	1.171^*** （0.164）
特征变量 Characteristic variable	控制Control	控制Control	控制Control
个体固定 Individual fixed	是Yes	是Yes	是Yes
拟合精度 Fitting accuracy	—	—	AIC: 456.62

Impact of Sustainable Forest Management Certification on Realization of Forestry Eco-Product Value: Mechanism and Empirical Evidence

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变量Variable	幼龄林 Young Forest	中龄林 Middle-aged Forest	近熟林 Near-mature Forest	成熟林 Mature Forest	过熟林 Over-mature Forest
FSC认证FSC certification	0.305^*** （0.0630）	0.430^*** （0.0350）	0.459^*** （0.0610）	0.067^** （0.0270）	0.0160 （0.0420）
每公顷蓄积量Volume per hectare	0.017^*** （0.0004）	0.009^*** （0.0001）	0.007^*** （0.0002）	0.006^*** （0.0001）	0.005^*** （0.0003）
郁闭度Canopy density	?0.0250 （0.1480）	?0.0130 （0.0690）	0.0170 （0.0820）	?0.0460 （0.0900）	0.381^* （0.2150）
海拔Elevation	?0.001^*** （0.0002）	?0.0001 （0.0001）	0.0002^* （0.0001）	0.0000 （0.0001）	0.0001 （0.0002）
坡度Slope	?0.0050 （0.0050）	0.0020 （0.0020）	?0.0004 （0.0020）	0.004^** （0.0020）	?0.0030 （0.0040）
腐殖质层厚度Depth of humus layer	0.017^*** （0.0050）	0.0003 （0.0020）	?0.007^*** （0.0030）	?0.0020 （0.0030）	0.0010 （0.0060）
土层厚度Soil depth	?0.004^*** （0.0010）	0.0004 （0.0010）	0.0004 （0.0010）	0.0010 （0.0010）	0.0004 （0.0010）
常数项Constant term	9.101^*** （0.2250）	9.439^*** （0.1060）	9.787^*** （0.1140）	10.215^*** （0.1040）	10.325^*** （0.2240）
样本量Observations	448	800	418	477	98
R²	0.7830	0.8390	0.8520	0.8210	0.8310

变量Variable	小规模 Small-scale	中规模 Medium-scale	大规模 Large-scale
FSC认证FSC certification	0.128^*** （0.0370）	0.133^*** （0.0390）	0.112^** （0.0480）
每公顷蓄积量 Volume per hectare	0.009^*** （0.0002）	0.010^*** （0.0002）	0.010^*** （0.0002）
郁闭度Canopy density	0.123 （0.1160）	0.074 （0.1050）	?0.147 （0.1010）
海拔Elevation	?0.0002 （0.0001）	?0.0001 （0.0001）	?0.0001 （0.0001）
坡度Slope	?0.0004 （0.0030）	?0.002 （0.0030）	0.001 （0.0030）
腐殖质层厚度 Depth of humus layer	0.0020 （0.0040）	0.0030 （0.0040）	0.0050 （0.0030）
土层厚度Soil depth	0.0003 （0.0010）	?0.001 （0.0010）	?0.002^*** （0.0010）
常数项Constant term	9.570^*** （0.1490）	9.618^*** （0.1450）	9.741^*** （0.1460）
样本量Observations	769	878	894
R²	0.786	0.812	0.821

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