Abstract:

The community structure, stand volume and plant diversity of larch plantation (22 a) and natural swamp-forest were studied by using transect methods along the swamp-forest water environment grads in Daxing'an mountains. Furthermore, combined with economic benefit and environmental effects, the effects of man-made forest in swamp-forest ecotone were evaluated, and the management style of swamp-forest was provided. The results showed that: 1) The dominant species of natural swamp-forest varied along the swamp-forest environment grads, but the larch was only dominant species in artificial swamp-forest. The natural swamp-forest was more entity in community vertical structure than artificial swamp-forest. 2) The stand volume of artificial larch swamp-forest was increasing (4.349 7～6.990 5 m³·hm^-2 a^-1) along the swamp to forest grads, but that of natural swamp-forest was decreasing (6.689 8～1.411 8 m³·hm^-2 a^-1); 3) The species richness index of artificial larch swamp-forest was 9～25 more than that of natural swamp-forest in the same habit, but the Shannon-Wiener index and J_sw evenness index of artificial larch swamp-forest were less 0.221 4～0.858 2 and 0.234 3～0.404 2 respectively than those of natural swamp-forest. 4) The underground water level and peat deepness of artificial larch swamp-forest were less 15.5～36.1 cm and 9.6～25.2 cm than those of natural swamp-forest. 5) The benefit of culturing larch could be grained in swamp-forest ecotones (the ratio of income and outcome was 1∶2.4～1∶9.6). 6) The management style of swamp-forest was that the natural state should be maintained in the swamp habit, the Alnus sibirica var. hirsute and Larix gmelinii should be cultured in the downland and upland of swamp-forest ecotone, respectively.

Key words: Daxing'an mountains, artificial swamp-forest, stand volume, plant diversity, comprehensive evaluation