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林业科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 55-59.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20081111

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

特大冰冻雪灾后长沙市竹类的冻害状况

彭映辉 项文化 田大伦 陈飞飞 曾冬琴 张云   

  1. 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004
  • 收稿日期:2008-07-11 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-11-25 发布日期:2008-11-25

Status of Frozen Injury of Bamboo after Snow and Ice Disaster in Changsha

Peng Yinghui,Xiang Wenhua,Tian Dalun,Chen Feifei,Zeng Dongqin,Zhang Yun   

  1. School of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004
  • Received:2008-07-11 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-11-25 Published:2008-11-25

摘要: 2008年1月中旬至2月初,我国南方遭受了1954年以来最严重的低温冰雪灾害。对冰雪灾害后长沙市75种(含变种、变型和栽培变种)竹类的冻害程度进行调查,并于同年4月调查气温回升后冻害竹类的恢复生长情况。依据竹类的冻害等级和竹类的3种地下茎类型,对不同地下茎类型中竹子的冻害状况进行统计分析研究。结果表明:1)冻害程度为I,II,III和IV级的竹子分别有2,10,24和34种(含变种、变型和栽培变种),未受冻害的竹种有茶秆竹、刚竹、红哺鸡竹、湘妃竹和爬地竹;2)所有I级冻害的种类及70%的II级冻害种类为合轴型,80%的未受冻害种类为单轴型;3)在合轴型的竹类中,属I,II和III级冻害的种数分别为该类型总种数的10.5%,36.8%和47.4%,而复轴型与单轴型的竹类中均无I级冻害的种类,前者以IV级冻害为主,后者以III和IV级冻害为主,单轴型的竹类中无冻害的种类高达该类型总种数的11.8%,全市所有竹子中合轴型竹类的冻害程度最重,单轴型竹类的冻害程度最轻。

关键词: 竹类, 冰雪灾害, 冻害程度, 抗寒性, 长沙市

Abstract: From the middle of January to early February in 2008,the southern China suffered from the most destructive snow and ice disaster since 1954.The damage status of bamboos including 75 species or varieties,forms and cultivars in Changsha,was investigated immediately after the snow and ice disaster.The growth status of the bamboos was also surveyed in April of the year when the temperature increased.Based on the freezing damage grades of the bamboos and three types of bamboo rhizoms,the damage status was statistically analyzed respectively in the different bamboo types.The results showed that 2,10,24 and 34 species(or varieties,forms and cultivars)were found to have been damaged at grade I,II,III and IV,respectively.However,Pseudosasa amabilis,Phyllostachys sulphurea var.viridis,Phyllostachys iridescens,Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrima-deae and Sasa argenteastriatus were not damaged by the frozen disaster.All species with frozen injury of grade I and 70% species with frozen injury of grade II belonged to the sympodial rhizome type,and 80% species without frozen injury belonged to the monopodial rhizome type.Among the species of sympodial rhizome type species suffered injury grade I,II and III respectively accounted for 10.5%,36.8% and 47.4% of total species.Grade I of frozen injury could not be found in amphipodial and monopodial rhizome type.In the former type most species suffered from grade IV while most species in the latter type were injured to grade III or IV.It should be noticed that the species without frozen injury a ccounted for 11.8% of monopodial rhizome type species.Of all bamboos in Changsha the species belonging to sympodial rhizome type suffered the heaviest frozen injury,while those of monopodial rhizome type had the lightest damages.

Key words: bamboo, snow and ice disasters, degree of frozen injury, cold resistance, Changsha