关键词: 林火, 乔木生物量, 碳释放

Abstract:

On the basis of studying space-time pattern of forest fires, the carbon emission of main arbor species from forest fires from 1980 to 1999 was studied by using field research and experiment in Daxing'an Mountains in Heilongjiang Province. The result is as follows: 1)The burned area of Larix gmelinii forest, Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica forest, conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest, Betula platyphylla forest, Quercus mongolica forest is respectively 437 947.34,20 938.70,142 526.95, 168 531.57 ,1 374.97 hm² during the past 20 years. 2)By carbon-nitrogen-analysis apparatus measuring, it is concluded that the mean aboveground carbon content rates of main arbor species in Daxing'an mountains were 42.34%, 41.20%, 42.01%, 39.21%, 39.79% respectively in L. gmelinii, P. sylvestris var.mongolica, B. platyphylla, Populus davidiana, Q. mongolica. The mean aboveground carbon content rate of two conifer-leaved species was 41.77%, and which of three broad-leaved species was 40.30%. The mean carbon content rates of main arbor species were less than 0.45.3)The burned biomass of arbor species in Daxing'an Mountains was 7.31×10⁶～11.57×10⁶ t for 20 years, which of L. gmelinii forest and B. platyphylla forest is respectively 61.80%～62.38% and 26.53%～26.81% of the whole burned biomass。The burned biomass of different arbor species is distinctly. 4)The research indicated that the carbon emission of arbor species in Daxing′an mountains was 3.04×10⁶～4.78×10⁶ t for 20 years, mean carbon emission in each year is 1.52×10⁶～2.39×10⁶ t,which is 7.51%～11.81% of total carbon emission in China. About 2/3 of the total carbon emission is from L. gmelinii;1/4 is from B. platyphlla;1/12 is from other tree species. The results will provide scientific foundation for researching on forest fire carbon balance and evaluation for influence of global ecological environment from forest fire.

Key words: forest fire, biomass of arbor species, carbon emissions