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林业科学 ›› 2002, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 1-7.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20020101

• 论文及研究报告 •    下一篇

退化喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中群落动态研究

喻理飞 朱守谦 叶镜中 魏鲁明 陈正仁   

  1. 贵州大学林学系,贵阳550025;南京林业大学,南京210037;茂兰国家级自然保护区管理局,荔波558400
  • 收稿日期:2001-02-21 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2002-01-25 发布日期:2002-01-25

DYNAMICS OF A DEGRADED KARST FOREST IN THE PROCESS OF NATURAL RESTORATION

Yu Lifei,Zhu Shouqian,Ye Jingzhong,Wei Luming,Chen Zhengren   

  1. Guizhou University Guiyang550025;Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing210037;The Management of Maolan National Reserve Libo558400
  • Received:2001-02-21 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2002-01-25 Published:2002-01-25

摘要:

研究了贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区退化喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中群落的动态特征。群落组成结构变化体现于不同适应等级种组的变化,不同恢复阶段各种组的优势地位不同,草本群落阶段与草灌过渡阶段,灌丛灌木阶段与灌乔过渡阶段,常绿落叶阔叶林阶段与顶极群落阶段其居优势地位的种组分别为先锋种,次先锋种和过渡种,次顶极种和顶极种,种组替代规律是先锋种经次先锋种、过渡种最终被次顶极种和顶极种替代。随着退化喀斯特群落自然恢复,群落高度(0.6~16.9m)、盖度(0.29~0.79)、显著度(0.8720~21.8981cm2·m-2)逐渐提高,而密度早期增大之后逐渐降低(36328~56116株·hm-2,56116~2372株·hm-2) ;物种数(16~50)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(0.99~4.72 )、均匀度(0.77~0.83)升高而生态优势度(0.16~0.05)降低;群落生物量(3.49~87.45t·hm-2)逐渐积累增大;萌生株数减少而实生株数增多,群落更新对策由早期阶段无性更新向后期阶段有性更新发展。

关键词: 退化喀斯特森林, 自然恢复, 群落组成与结构, 动态, 种组

Abstract:

Dynamics of a degraded Karst forest in the process of natural restoration,Maolan National Reserve in Guizhou province was studied.The structure of adaptive grade species groups was taken to indicated the change of species composition.The dominator in succession stages was pioneer species in herbaceous and herbaceous scrub stages,sub pioneer species and transition species in scrub shrub and shrub tree stages,sub climax species and climax species in evergreen and deciduous broad leaved forest,and climax stages.The pattern of species group replacement was that dominance of species groups to be transferred from pioneer species to transition species up to climax species.With natural restoration of degraded karst forest,community height,coverage,dominance were raised gradually,and their range were 0.6~16.9m,0.29~0.79,0.8720~21.8981 cm2·m-2,respectively.Density was increased in early stages,then decreased.Species number(S),Shannon Wiener index(H '),evenness(J)were increased but ecological dominance(C)was decreased,and their values were 16~50,0.99~4.72,0.77~0.83,0.16~0.05,respectively.Community biomass accumulated gradually from 3.49 t·hm-2 to 87.45 t·hm-2 .Percentage of seedlings in total trees increased,and community regeneration strategy was that asexual regeneration in early stages changed into seedling regeneration in later stages.

Key words: Degraded Karst forest, Natural restoration, Species composition and structure of community, Dynamics, Species group