厦门本岛城市森林树冠覆盖与热岛效应关系

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140309

林业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 63-68.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140309

厦门本岛城市森林树冠覆盖与热岛效应关系

高美蓉^1,2,3,4, 贾宝全^1,2,3, 王成^1,2,3, 孙朝晖^1,2,3

1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所北京 100091;
2. 国家林业局林木培育重点实验室北京 100091;
3. 国家林业局城市林业研究中心北京 100091;
4. 浙江省林业科学研究院杭州 310023

收稿日期:2013-06-14 修回日期:2013-10-16 出版日期:2014-03-25 发布日期:2014-04-16
基金资助:
科技部“十二五”科技支撑项目（2011BAD38B03）。

Relationship between Urban Forest Canopy Cover and Heat Island Effect in Xiamen Island

Gao Meirong^1,2,3,4, Jia Baoquan^1,2,3, Wang Cheng^1,2,3, Sun Chaohui^1,2,3

1. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091;
2. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration Beijing 100091;
3. Research Centre of Urban Forestry of State Forestry Administration Beijing 100091;
4. Zhejiang Academy of Forestry Hangzhou 310023

Received:2013-06-14 Revised:2013-10-16 Online:2014-03-25 Published:2014-04-16
Contact: 贾宝全

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

用Landsat TM卫星影像为基础数据反演厦门本岛亮温。通过相对亮温分布及变化来定量描述厦门本岛的热场空间分布及变化特征，结合QuickBird高分辨率卫星影像目视解译所得的厦门岛城市森林树冠覆盖数据，利用GIS的空间统计功能，对城市不同树冠覆盖类型与城市相对亮温、绝对温度的关系进行统计分析，探讨城市森林树冠覆盖对热岛效应的减缓作用。结果表明：1）厦门本岛热岛效应显著，热场类型以中等热岛和强热岛为主，集中连片分布在本岛中心正北-西北区域的城市商业中心、居住区、工业区；2） 1993—2009年间，厦门本岛热场强度普遍提高，热岛效应不断增强，中等热岛和强热岛从1993年的散点状分布发展到2009年在厦门本岛北部区域大规模集结成片分布；3）地表覆盖类型与城市热岛效应分布区域具有对应的关系。公园树冠覆盖斑块体较大，连续集中分布，破碎化程度较低，77.86%的面积集中分布在绿岛区域。道路和居住区树冠覆盖的主要分布区域在弱热岛和中等热岛区，斑块体较小，破碎化程度高，连续性差，造成区域的植被盖度低，不能明显减缓热岛效应。草地则在绿岛、弱热岛和中等热岛区有较均匀分布；4）植被盖度高、斑块体大的城市森林对热岛效应有明显的减缓作用。

关键词: 热岛效应, 城市森林, 树冠覆盖, 相对亮温, 厦门

Abstract:

Through the relatively Brightness temperature distribution and variation, spatial distribution and change characteristics of heat island in Xiamen Island were quantitatively descripted based on Landsat TM image, combined with urban forest canopy cover data, obtained by visual interpretation from QuickBird image, to analysis the relationship between canopy cover data types and relatively brightness temperature, absolute temperature by GIS spatial statistical functions. This paper investigated the mitigation functions of urban forest canopy cover on the heat island. The results showed that heat island effect of Xiamen island was remarkable, and medium heat island and strong heat island were mainly thermal field types, which clustered together on the city commercial , residential center and industrial hubs of the island north-northwest area in Xiamen island. The thermal field strength and heat island effects generally increased from 1993 to 2009 in Xiamen Island. The medium heat island and strong heat island distribution was developed from scattered point into mass patchy distribution from 1993 to 2009 in the northern area of Xiamen island. Land cover types and urban heat island distribution showed a corresponding relationship, and the park forest canopy cover with consecutive crown cover exhibited large patch, with low fragmentation. Approximate 77.86% of the park area concentrated in the Green Island area. The forest canopy cover along the main roads and in residential area mainly distributed in the weak heat islands and the secondary heat island areas, with smaller patches, high degree of fragmentation, lower continuity, leading to lower vegetation coverage area, not mitigating the heat island effect very well. Lawn uniformly distributed in Green Island, weak heat island and secondary heat island district. The results indicate that vegetation cover, a large body of urban forest patches can significantly slow down the heat island effect.

Key words: heat island effect, urban forest, tree canopy coverage, relatively brightness temperature, Xiamen

中图分类号:

S731.2

高美蓉, 贾宝全, 王成, 孙朝晖. 厦门本岛城市森林树冠覆盖与热岛效应关系[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(3): 63-68.

Gao Meirong, Jia Baoquan, Wang Cheng, Sun Chaohui. Relationship between Urban Forest Canopy Cover and Heat Island Effect in Xiamen Island[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(3): 63-68.

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厦门本岛城市森林树冠覆盖与热岛效应关系

Relationship between Urban Forest Canopy Cover and Heat Island Effect in Xiamen Island

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