杨树超短轮伐期经营的生产力及材性的研究*

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以美洲黑杨2个无性系为供试材料, 研究杨树超短轮伐期经营中地上部分生物量生产、分配模式、N、P、K的输出量及材性。结果表明, 在3种密度和3种轮伐期的组合中, 2个无性系均以造林密度为10000株·ha^-1、轮伐期为3年的林分生物生产力最高, I-69杨为10.52t·ha^-1·a^-1, NL-80351杨约为12.00t·ha^-1·a^-1; 在生物量的分配比率和作为造纸材的经济生物量上也以这种组合模式最为合理, 经济生物量最大, I-69杨为7.14t·ha^-1·a^-1, NL-80351杨为8·47t·ha^-1·a^-1。养分输出量的多少与林分的生物量生产和分配比率密切相关。轮伐期为3年, 密度为10000株·ha^-1的林分N、P、K的输出量最高, I-69杨为33.97kg·ha^-1·a^-1, NL-80351杨为38.50kg·ha^-1·a^-1, 但NL-80351杨每生产1吨经济生物量所输出的N、P、K总量略低于I-69杨。杨树超短轮伐期经营中生产出的木材都可用作中、低档的造纸原料, 其中I-69杨的制浆性能优于NL-80351杨。

关键词: 美洲黑杨, 生物量生产, 分配模式, 养分输出量, 材性

Abstract:

The above-ground biomass production, distribution model, nutrients exported and wood quality characteristics of eastern cottonwood were studied in minirotation management systems among the combinations of 3 densities and 3 rotations, The stand, with planting density of 10000 plant·ha^-1 and 3 years rotation, could obtain the hightest biomass production 10.52t·ha^-1·a^-1 for clone I-69 and about 12.00t·ha^-1·a^-1 for clone NL-80351.The economic biomass production for pulp-making was also the hightest in the stand of 10000 plant·ha^-1 and 3-year-rotation, respectively 7.14t·ha·^-1·a^-1 for clone I-69 and 8.47t·ha^-1·a^-1 for clone 8.47t·ha^-1·a^-1. Nutrients exported from the minirotation management systems bear close correlation to the biomass production and distribution model. In the stand of 10000 plant·ha^-1 and 3-year-rotation, the amount of nutrients exported (N, P and K) were 33.97kg·ha^-1·a^-1 for clone I-69 and 38.50kg·ha^-1·a^-1 for clone NL-80351.However, the amount of nutrients exported for producing one metric ton of economic biomass was slightly lower for clone NL-80351 than for clone I-69.The timber produced from the minirotation management systems is a good pulp-making material, but the wood quality of clone I-69 is slightly superior to clone NL-80351.

Key words: Eastern cottonwood, Biomass production, Distribution model, Nutrients exported, Wood quality

方升佐,徐锡增,单兴寿,曹福亮,唐罗忠. 杨树超短轮伐期经营的生产力及材性的研究^*[J]. 林业科学, 1996, 32(4): 334-341.

Shengzuo Fang,Xizeng Xu,Xinshou San,Fuliang Cao,Louzhong Tang. THE BIOMASS PSODUCTIVITY AND WOOD QUALITY OF EASTERN COTTONWOOD IN MINIROTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1996, 32(4): 334-341.

图/表 5

参考文献 11

1	方升佐, 曹福亮等. 杨树短轮伐期经营的现状和前景. 南京林业大学学报, 1993, 17 (增刊): 50- 55
2	Gambles R L, Zuffa L. Conversion and use of poplar and willow biomass for food, forage and energy in North America. International Poplar Commission, Fo: MISC/84/15. Room, 1984: 1-30
3	Bowersox T W , Ward W W . Growth and yield of closed-spaced young hybrid poplars. Forest Science, 1976, 22 (4): 449- 455
4	Cannell M G K , Smith R I . Yield of minirotation closely spaced hardwoods in temperate regions: review and appraisal. Forest Science, 1980, 26 (1): 415- 428.
5	Berry A B , Stiell W M . Effect of rotation lengh on productivity of aspen sucker stands. For. Chron., 1978, 54: 265- 267 doi: 10.5558/tfc54265-5
6	Moran L A , Nautryal J G . Present and future of feasibility of short-rotation energy farms in Ontario. Forest Ecology and Management, 1985, 10: 323- 328 doi: 10.1016/0378-1127(85)90123-9
7	Wright Lynn L. Are increased yields in coppice systems a myth? In: Ari Ferm, Proceedings of the IEA task Ⅱ meeting and workshops on cell culture and coppicing kannus, 1988: 51-65
8	郭祥胜. 杨树造纸用材林短轮伐期栽培的适宜性. 北京林业大学学报, 1989, 11 (4): 66- 73
9	黄镇亚. 地球温暖化和超短轮伐期林业. 北京林业大学学报, 1992, 14 (3): 93- 98
10	吕士行, 徐锡增等.南方型无性系生物量的研究.见: 南京林业大学杨树课题组著.黑杨派南方型无性系速生丰产论文集.北京: 学术书刊出版社, 1989: 109-118
11	曹福亮, 吕士行等.南方型无性系制浆性能的研究.见: 南京林业大学杨树课题组著.黑杨派南方型无性系速生丰产论文集.北京: 学术书刊出版社, 1989: 119-129

[1]	李政宏,丁昌俊,张伟溪,张静,沈乐,张腾倩,丁密,苏晓华,吴钟亲,方发之. 美洲黑杨无性系苗木对不同光周期处理的生长与生理响应[J]. 林业科学, 2023, 59(3): 127-144.
[2]	戴晓港,陈晨,薛良交,吴怀通,尹佟明. 基于物种特异性InDel标记鉴别美洲黑杨与小叶杨的杂交子代[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(11): 79-84.
[3]	陈存,丁昌俊,张静,李波,褚延广,苏晓华,黄秦军. 美洲黑杨群体结构分析及核心种质库构建[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(9): 67-76.
[4]	张江涛, 杨淑红, 朱镝, 朱延林, 刘友全. 美洲黑杨2025及其2个芽变品种苗对持续干旱的生理响应及抗旱性评价[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(6): 33-43.
[5]	任嘉红, 李浩, 刘辉, 叶建仁, 吴小芹. 吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌JK-SH007对杨树根际微生物数量及功能多样性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(5): 126-133.
[6]	丁昌俊, 张伟溪, 高暝, 黄秦军, 褚延广, 苏晓华. 不同生长势美洲黑杨转录组差异分析[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(3): 47-58.
[7]	胡建军, 赵自成, 苏雪辉, 李喜林, 卢孟柱. 杨树新品种‘中成1号’[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(5): 159-159.
[8]	高暝, 黄秦军, 丁昌俊, 苏晓华. 美洲黑杨及其杂种F₁不同生长势无性系叶片δ¹³C和氮素利用效率[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(8): 51-57.
[9]	黄秦军;黄国伟;丁昌俊;张新叶. 美洲黑杨杂种不同生长势无性系光合特征[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(3): 56-62.
[10]	高升华;张旭东;汤玉喜;张蕊;唐洁;张雷;申贵仓;魏远. 滩地美洲黑杨人工林皆伐对地表甲烷通量的短期影响[J]. , 2013, 49(1): 7-13.
[11]	黄国伟;苏晓华;黄秦军. 美洲黑杨不同生长势无性系生长和生理特征的差异[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48(4): 27-34.
[12]	王润辉;胡德活;郑会全;韦茹萍;黄越茂;蔡维就. 杉木无性系生长和材性变异及多性状指数选择[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48(3): 45-50.
[13]	孙耀星;戚继忠;杨庚;庞久寅;杜凤国. 赛黑桦的构造特征和物理力学性质[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48(2): 180-186.
[14]	魏远;高升华;张旭东;耿绍波;赵晓松;江泽平;王云龙. 基于FSAM模型的岳阳地区美洲黑杨人工林通量观测源区分布[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48(2): 16-21.
[15]	邓继峰;张含国;张磊;朱航勇;贯春雨. 杂种落叶松F₂代自由授粉家系纸浆材遗传变异及多性状联合选择[J]. 林业科学, 2011, 47(5): 31-39.