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林业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (8): 30-38.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140805

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

栓皮栎栲胶品质与生态因子的相关分析

尹艺凝, 张文辉   

  1. 西北农林科技大学西部环境与生态教育部重点实验室 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-04 修回日期:2014-04-10 出版日期:2014-08-25 发布日期:2014-07-31
  • 基金资助:

    国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201004011)。

Correlation between Quality of Tannin Extract of Quercus variabilis and the Main Ecological Factors

Yin Yining, Zhang Wenhui   

  1. Environment and Ecology Key Laboratory of Education Ministry in West China, Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100
  • Received:2013-12-04 Revised:2014-04-10 Online:2014-08-25 Published:2014-07-31
  • Contact: 张文辉

摘要:

研究秦岭南坡、秦岭北坡和黄土高原3个分布区6个地点的栓皮栎橡 NFDA1 、树皮、叶片、枝条、根和主干木材的单宁含量及其差异,并采用灰色关联度分析其与生态因子的关系,结果表明:3个分布区栓皮栎各器官单宁含量存在显著差异,各器官单宁含量由高到低为秦岭南坡> 秦岭北坡> 黄土高原,秦岭南坡栓皮栎是生产栲胶的最适林地。各地区均为橡 NFDA1 单宁含量最高,其次是树皮、叶片、枝条,根和主干木材单宁含量最低。土壤速效磷、速效氮和速效钾是影响栓皮栎各器官单宁含量的主导土壤因子,土壤有机质是影响栓皮栎各器官单宁含量的重要土壤因子,且均与栓皮栎各器官单宁含量呈正相关。无霜期、年日照时数、年均降水量是影响栓皮栎各个器官单宁含量的主导气候因子,其中无霜期和年均降水量与栓皮栎各器官单宁含量呈正相关,年日照时数与其呈负相关。无霜期较长,降水量较高,日照时数较低,土壤速效磷、速效氮和速效钾和有机质含量较高的地区是栓皮栎栲胶生产的优先区域。

关键词: 栓皮栎, 生态因子, 单宁, 器官

Abstract:

The tannin extract contents in different organs of Quercus variabilis are mainly influenced by ecological factors. In order to understand the principal ecological factors affecting Q. variabilis tannin extract, and to provide scientific cultivation measures of Q. variabilis and an reference for efficient utilization of the tannin extract resources of Q. variabilis, a total of 108 Q. variabilis trees and the major ecological factors were investigated and determined in 6 sample plots of three different distribution regions (south slope of Qinling Mountains, north slope of Qinling Mountains, Loess Plateau) in September 2012. The tannin content of different organs of Q. variabilis in the 3 different distribution regions (6 sample sites) was analyzed by UV spectrophotometry and the grey correlation degrees with the ecological factors were calculated. The results showed that there was a significant difference in tannin content among the different regions. The tannin content in the 3 different distribution regions from high to low was the south slope of Qinling Mountains, the north slope of Qinling Mountains and the Loess Plateau. The tannin content of Q. variabilis valonea in the 6 regions was highest, followed by the bark, leaf, branch, and the tannin content of root and stem was lowest. The principal soil factors that influenced tannin content of different organs of Q. variabilis were available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Soil organic matter was one the main factors affecting the effective component content of tannin extract of Q. variabilis. There was a positive correlation between tannin content of organs and these main soil factors. The principal climatic factors that affected tannin content of different organs were frost-free periods, annual sunshine hours and annual mean rainfall. The frost-free periods and annual mean rainfall were positively correlated with tannin content in different organs of Q. variabilis, while the annual sunshine hours was negatively correlated with tannin content in different organs of Q. variabilis. The region with longer frost-free periods, more rainfall, shorter sunshine hours, more organic matter and lower soil nutrients content could prior be chosen as cultivation area of Q. variabilis for high tannin production.

Key words: Quercus variabilis, ecological factor, tannin, organ

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